在土木工程中应用太阳能建筑原理提高建筑能效

IF 1.204 Q3 Energy
V. V. Elistratov, S. E. Krasnozhen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 主要由人类活动引起的全球变暖凸显了减少对化石燃料的依赖和遏制温室气体排放的紧迫性。2021 年,仅建筑行业的碳排放量就占到了全部碳排放量的 37%。太阳能建筑原理的应用正在成为减少民用建筑碳足迹的一项重要战略。这种方法包括被动和主动太阳能技术,以及节能措施。被动策略包括优化建筑朝向、改进围护结构以尽量减少热交换,以及使用遮阳设备。主动措施包括整合可再生能源。俄罗斯加里宁格勒地区的一栋住宅楼以实际案例说明了这些原则的实施。利用被动式太阳能措施和严格的能源计算,该建筑达到了 A+ 级节能标准。此外,由于采用了主动式太阳能元件,包括 4.5 平方米的排空集热器和 3.56 千瓦的光伏板,以及空气-水热泵,供暖、热水和电力的年能耗降低了 72%,从 27.695 千瓦时降至 7.697 千瓦时。这使得每年的碳排放量大幅减少了 10 吨。这说明了太阳能建筑在推进可持续建筑实践方面的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Application of the Principles of Solar Architecture in Civil Engineering for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings

Application of the Principles of Solar Architecture in Civil Engineering for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings

Application of the Principles of Solar Architecture in Civil Engineering for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings

Global warming driven primarily by human activity, underscores the urgency of reducing reliance on fossil fuels and curbing greenhouse gas emissions. The construction sector alone accounted for a staggering 37% of all carbon emissions in 2021. The application of solar architectural principles is emerging as a key strategy to reduce the carbon footprint of civil buildings. This approach includes passive and active solar techniques, alongside energy-efficient measures. Passive strategies include optimal building orientation, envelope improvements to minimize heat exchange, and the use of shading devices. Active measures include the integration of renewable energy sources. In a practical demonstration, a residential building in Russia’s Kaliningrad region illustrates the implementation of these principles. Using passive solar measures and rigorous energy calculations, the building achieved an A+ energy saving class. In addition, the integration of active solar elements, including a 4.5 m2 evacuated thermal collector and 3.56 kW photovoltaic panels, along with an air-to-water heat pump, resulted in a 72% reduction in annual energy consumption for heating, hot water, and electricity—from 27.695 to 7.697 kWh. This results in a significant reduction of 10 tons of carbon emissions per year. This illustrates the potential of solar architecture in advancing sustainable building practices.

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来源期刊
Applied Solar Energy
Applied Solar Energy Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: Applied Solar Energy  is an international peer reviewed journal covers various topics of research and development studies on solar energy conversion and use: photovoltaics, thermophotovoltaics, water heaters, passive solar heating systems, drying of agricultural production, water desalination, solar radiation condensers, operation of Big Solar Oven, combined use of solar energy and traditional energy sources, new semiconductors for solar cells and thermophotovoltaic system photocells, engines for autonomous solar stations.
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