孕期阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症状是否与儿童自闭症谱系障碍有关?病例对照研究

Julia Nick, Kristin Seaborg, Kathleen Kastner, Mihaela Bazalakova, Kathleen Antony
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:10%至32%或更高比例的孕妇会并发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,然而,有关阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对孕妇子女的长期影响的报告却很有限:我们试图验证一个假设,即在怀孕期间出现阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症状的孕妇,其子女患自闭症谱系障碍的几率会增加:这是一项病例对照研究,比较了那些孩子后来被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍但没有已知相关遗传病的孕妇和那些孩子被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍但有已知相关遗传病的孕妇:在符合条件并同意参与的 51 位父母中,4 位父母的孩子患有与已知遗传病相关的自闭症,47 位父母的孩子患有与已知遗传病无关的自闭症。两组家长打鼾的发生率(分别为 50.0% 和 36.2%)和白天疲倦的发生率(分别为 75.0% 和 89.4%)相似:在这项研究中,抽样人群在怀孕期间开车打鼾和睡着的发生率高于通常报告的孕妇。虽然这项研究的样本量较小,但我们的初步结果表明,自闭症儿童的父母在怀孕期间与睡眠相关的问题发生率较高,这表明有必要进行进一步调查,尤其是针对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。今后有必要对已知孕期存在或不存在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的孕妇群体的子女神经发育结果进行研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Are Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea During Pregnancy Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea complicates 10% to 32% or greater of pregnancies, however, reports on long-term effects on the children of pregnancies affected by obstructive sleep apnea are limited.

Objective: We sought to test the hypothesis that the children of pregnant people with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea during pregnancy have an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorder.

Methods: This was a case-control study comparing the pregnancies of people whose children were later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder without a known associated genetic condition to those whose children were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder with a known associated genetic condition.

Results: Of the 51 total parents who were eligible and consented to participate, 4 had a child with autism associated with a known genetic condition, and 47 had a child with autism with no known genetic condition. The prevalence of any snoring (50.0% and 36.2%, respectively) and daytime tiredness (75.0% and 89.4%, respectively) were similar between both groups.

Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence of any snoring and falling asleep while driving during pregnancy was higher in the sampled population than typically reported in pregnant people. While the sample size for this study was small, our preliminary results suggest that parents of children with autism have a high prevalence of sleep-related concerns during their pregnancies, which indicates the need for further investigation - especially for obstructive sleep apnea. Future studies exploring the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children of a cohort of pregnant people with known presence or absence of obstructive sleep apnea during pregnancy is warranted.

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