{"title":"通过实验确定取决于材料物理和机械特性的最佳硬度测试方法","authors":"M. R. Muzyka","doi":"10.1007/s11223-024-00608-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of experimental studies on the optimal method of testing materials for hardness depending on physical and mechanical properties are presented. The possibility of evaluating the structural parameters, i.e., the homogeneity coefficients and the variation of the reliability of various devices for obtaining the hardness values of rolled metal products, is considered. The results obtained experimentally have shown the effectiveness of such evaluations. The reliability of the methods for testing the hardness of materials of different plasticities was controlled by determining the degree of dispersion of the obtained results by the LM-hardness method. The influence of the material’s physical and mechanical characteristics on the hardness test’s accuracy is analyzed. The possibility of choosing the most reliable Brinell, Vickers, or Rockwell method for determining hardness characteristics depending on the level of plastic properties of the sheet material was determined. Following Fisher’s theory of small samples in terms of the general population, a statistical assessment of the reliability of measurement methods was performed on a sample of a limited size, which makes it possible to assess the reliability of the results of hardness determination by various methods and determine the optimal variant of testing materials, including high-strength ones, for hardness. According to the methodology for analyzing variance to select the optimal variant for conducting studies of material hardness, the statistical assessment of the reliability of hardness measurements was carried out using a random sample from the general population in its central part in the number of five measurements following each other. The variance check is applied using the Cochrane criterion to determine the uncertain members of the variation series. Based on the research results, the predominant expediency of one or another Brinell, Vickers, or Rockwell method of conducting hardness tests depending on the level of plasticity of materials, especially high-strength ones, given their structural state as assessed by the parameters of hardness characteristics scattering – homogeneity coefficients <i>m</i> and variation <i>v</i>. The availability of this information will make it possible to determine the mechanical characteristics of materials by hardness values more reliably.</p>","PeriodicalId":22007,"journal":{"name":"Strength of Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Experimental Determination of the Optimal Hardness Testing Method Depending on the Material’s Physical and Mechanical Properties\",\"authors\":\"M. R. Muzyka\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11223-024-00608-w\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>The results of experimental studies on the optimal method of testing materials for hardness depending on physical and mechanical properties are presented. The possibility of evaluating the structural parameters, i.e., the homogeneity coefficients and the variation of the reliability of various devices for obtaining the hardness values of rolled metal products, is considered. The results obtained experimentally have shown the effectiveness of such evaluations. The reliability of the methods for testing the hardness of materials of different plasticities was controlled by determining the degree of dispersion of the obtained results by the LM-hardness method. The influence of the material’s physical and mechanical characteristics on the hardness test’s accuracy is analyzed. The possibility of choosing the most reliable Brinell, Vickers, or Rockwell method for determining hardness characteristics depending on the level of plastic properties of the sheet material was determined. Following Fisher’s theory of small samples in terms of the general population, a statistical assessment of the reliability of measurement methods was performed on a sample of a limited size, which makes it possible to assess the reliability of the results of hardness determination by various methods and determine the optimal variant of testing materials, including high-strength ones, for hardness. According to the methodology for analyzing variance to select the optimal variant for conducting studies of material hardness, the statistical assessment of the reliability of hardness measurements was carried out using a random sample from the general population in its central part in the number of five measurements following each other. The variance check is applied using the Cochrane criterion to determine the uncertain members of the variation series. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文介绍了根据物理和机械性能测试材料硬度的最佳方法的实验研究结果。研究考虑了评估结构参数的可能性,即均匀系数和获取轧制金属产品硬度值的各种设备可靠性的变化。实验结果表明了此类评估的有效性。通过确定 LM 硬度法所得结果的分散程度,控制了不同塑性材料硬度测试方法的可靠性。分析了材料的物理和机械特性对硬度测试准确性的影响。确定了根据板材的塑料特性水平选择最可靠的布氏硬度、维氏硬度或洛氏硬度方法来确定硬度特性的可能性。根据费雪的小样本总体理论,在有限规模的样本上对测量方法的可靠性进行了统计评估,从而可以评估各种方法测定硬度结果的可靠性,并确定测试材料(包括高强度材料)硬度的最佳变体。根据分析方差以选择进行材料硬度研究的最佳变体的方法,对硬度测量的可靠性进行了统计评估,采用的方法是从一般人口的中心部分随机抽样,每次测量的次数为五次。采用科克伦准则进行方差检验,以确定方差序列中的不确定成员。根据研究结果,布氏、维氏或洛氏方法中的一种或另一种进行硬度测试的主要权宜之计取决于材料的塑性水平,特别是高强度材料,其结构状态由硬度特性散射参数--均匀性系数 m 和变差 v 评估。
Experimental Determination of the Optimal Hardness Testing Method Depending on the Material’s Physical and Mechanical Properties
The results of experimental studies on the optimal method of testing materials for hardness depending on physical and mechanical properties are presented. The possibility of evaluating the structural parameters, i.e., the homogeneity coefficients and the variation of the reliability of various devices for obtaining the hardness values of rolled metal products, is considered. The results obtained experimentally have shown the effectiveness of such evaluations. The reliability of the methods for testing the hardness of materials of different plasticities was controlled by determining the degree of dispersion of the obtained results by the LM-hardness method. The influence of the material’s physical and mechanical characteristics on the hardness test’s accuracy is analyzed. The possibility of choosing the most reliable Brinell, Vickers, or Rockwell method for determining hardness characteristics depending on the level of plastic properties of the sheet material was determined. Following Fisher’s theory of small samples in terms of the general population, a statistical assessment of the reliability of measurement methods was performed on a sample of a limited size, which makes it possible to assess the reliability of the results of hardness determination by various methods and determine the optimal variant of testing materials, including high-strength ones, for hardness. According to the methodology for analyzing variance to select the optimal variant for conducting studies of material hardness, the statistical assessment of the reliability of hardness measurements was carried out using a random sample from the general population in its central part in the number of five measurements following each other. The variance check is applied using the Cochrane criterion to determine the uncertain members of the variation series. Based on the research results, the predominant expediency of one or another Brinell, Vickers, or Rockwell method of conducting hardness tests depending on the level of plasticity of materials, especially high-strength ones, given their structural state as assessed by the parameters of hardness characteristics scattering – homogeneity coefficients m and variation v. The availability of this information will make it possible to determine the mechanical characteristics of materials by hardness values more reliably.
期刊介绍:
Strength of Materials focuses on the strength of materials and structural components subjected to different types of force and thermal loadings, the limiting strength criteria of structures, and the theory of strength of structures. Consideration is given to actual operating conditions, problems of crack resistance and theories of failure, the theory of oscillations of real mechanical systems, and calculations of the stress-strain state of structural components.