Combination of Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) for Survival Prediction of Heart Failure Patients

Heart failure is a dangerous condition in which the heart cannot pump blood effectively and can lead to death. To improve this treatment, it needs methods to predict patient survival. This paper proposed combining wrapping features, namely Binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier called BPSO-MLP. BPSO is used to determine the most relevant feature subset, and MLP is used to calculate its fitness. The experiment used a public dataset containing the medical records of 299 heart failure patients. This dataset comprises 13 features: age, anemia, high blood pressure, creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), diabetes, ejection fraction, platelets, gender, serum creatinine, serum sodium, smoking, time, and death events. The experiment results showed that the proposed method could produce an accuracy of up to 91.11%. The proposed method can increase accuracy by 8.89% compared to MLP (without BPSO). The addition of this wrapping feature has a significant influence on the accuracy results.