天体测量学 70 年回顾

IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Erik Høg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

1953 年,我听说本特-斯特罗姆格伦(Bengt Strömgren)于 1925 年在哥本哈根大学天文台用子午圈观测恒星凌日的实验,测量恒星凌日时狭缝后光电管中的电流。1954 年,年仅 22 岁的我作为一名学生接受了用天文台的新子午圈进行首次测试观测的任务。我对这台仪器和天体测量学对天文学的重要性产生了浓厚的兴趣。到1973年,在四个子午圈(两个在丹麦、一个在汉堡、一个在隆德)开展的工作,以及皮埃尔-拉克鲁特(Pierre Lacroute)在法国提出的空间天体测量愿景,为开发 "希帕克斯 "卫星奠定了基础,"盖娅 "卫星也随之诞生。2013年,我提出了一颗后继卫星,在大卫-霍布斯(David Hobbs)的努力下,这颗卫星的发展势头尤为迅猛,欧空局很有可能在2045年左右发射这颗卫星。- 但在 70 年前,光学天体测量学被认为是天文学中一个濒临消亡的分支,与天体物理学相比毫无吸引力。接下来的发展是建立在当年欧洲对天体测量学仍然活跃的兴趣基础上的,并得到了欧洲航天局(ESA)的支持。- 这篇评论只涉及我个人参与的天体测量学。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A review of 70 years with astrometry

A review of 70 years with astrometry

A review of 70 years with astrometry

In 1953 I heard of an experiment in 1925 by Bengt Strömgren where he observed transit times with the meridian circle at the Copenhagen University Observatory measuring the current in a photocell behind slits when a star was crossing. In 1954 just 22 years old I was given the task as a student to make first test observations with a new meridian circle of the observatory. I became fascinated by the instrument and by the importance of astrometry for astronomy. Work at four meridian circles, two in Denmark, one in Hamburg, one in Lund, and Pierre Lacroute’s vision of space astrometry in France had by 1973 created the foundation for development of the Hipparcos satellite, and Gaia followed. In 2013 I proposed a successor satellite which has gained momentum especially thanks to the efforts of David Hobbs and it has a good chance to be launched by ESA about 2045. – But 70 years ago, optical astrometry was considered a dying branch of astronomy, unattractive compared with astrophysics. The following growth built on the still active interest in astrometry in Europe in those years and it was supported by ESA, the European Space Agency. – This review is only about astrometry where I was personally involved.

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来源期刊
Astrophysics and Space Science
Astrophysics and Space Science 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
5.30%
发文量
106
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Astrophysics and Space Science publishes original contributions and invited reviews covering the entire range of astronomy, astrophysics, astrophysical cosmology, planetary and space science and the astrophysical aspects of astrobiology. This includes both observational and theoretical research, the techniques of astronomical instrumentation and data analysis and astronomical space instrumentation. We particularly welcome papers in the general fields of high-energy astrophysics, astrophysical and astrochemical studies of the interstellar medium including star formation, planetary astrophysics, the formation and evolution of galaxies and the evolution of large scale structure in the Universe. Papers in mathematical physics or in general relativity which do not establish clear astrophysical applications will no longer be considered. The journal also publishes topically selected special issues in research fields of particular scientific interest. These consist of both invited reviews and original research papers. Conference proceedings will not be considered. All papers published in the journal are subject to thorough and strict peer-reviewing. Astrophysics and Space Science features short publication times after acceptance and colour printing free of charge.
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