{"title":"调查牲畜放牧、山坡位置和取样深度对土壤水分特征曲线的长期影响","authors":"Manijeh Nosrati Ramesh, Eisa Ebrahimi, Hossein Bayat","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil moisture characteristic curves (SMCCs) play a crucial role in understanding and managing soil-water relationships, which is vital in various fields including agriculture, civil engineering, environmental science, and hydrology. This study investigates the impact of livestock grazing, slope location, and sampling depth on SMCCs in the Gonbad watershed, western Iran. Livestock grazing practices were compared between free grazing and controlled grazing, along with three slope positions (shoulder, back, and foot-slope) and two sampling depths (0−12.5 cm and 12.5−25 cm). The van Genuchten model was employed to model the SMCC, incorporating Mualem's assumption. Water content at different matric suctions and van Genuchten model parameters were assessed using a factorial design. Integral root mean square difference (IRMSD) and surface difference (SD) parameters were calculated to evaluate the impact of different treatments on the SMCC, as a whole. The controlled grazing treatment at the back-slope recorded the lowest residual water content, measuring 0.151 cm³ cm⁻³ in the 0.00- to 12.5-cm depth. Conversely, the highest value of 0.234 cm³ cm⁻³ was observed in the free grazing treatment at the shoulder, specifically in the 12.5- to 25-cm depth. The results indicate that the permanent wilting point (PWP) value at the second depth exceeded that of the first depth. Specifically, at the second depth, the PWP value in the shoulder region of the slope under free grazing (0.235 cm³ cm⁻³) surpassed that of the corresponding position under controlled grazing (0.192 cm³ cm⁻³). The findings revealed that the highest α parameter value (0.438 cm<sup>−1</sup>) was observed at the first depth of the back-slope position under the controlled grazing treatment. Results indicated significant effects of grazing, slope position, and sampling depth on soil properties and SMCC parameters. Notably, controlled grazing led to higher values of IRMSD (0.178 cm³ cm⁻³) and SD (0.672 cm³ cm⁻³), indicating enhanced moisture retention capabilities compared with free grazing. The study provides valuable insights into optimizing grazing practices for sustainable soil health and water management in pasture ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Investigating the Long-Term Effect of Livestock Grazing, Slope Location, and Sampling Depth on Soil Moisture Characteristic Curves\",\"authors\":\"Manijeh Nosrati Ramesh, Eisa Ebrahimi, Hossein Bayat\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.rama.2024.01.005\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Soil moisture characteristic curves (SMCCs) play a crucial role in understanding and managing soil-water relationships, which is vital in various fields including agriculture, civil engineering, environmental science, and hydrology. This study investigates the impact of livestock grazing, slope location, and sampling depth on SMCCs in the Gonbad watershed, western Iran. Livestock grazing practices were compared between free grazing and controlled grazing, along with three slope positions (shoulder, back, and foot-slope) and two sampling depths (0−12.5 cm and 12.5−25 cm). The van Genuchten model was employed to model the SMCC, incorporating Mualem's assumption. Water content at different matric suctions and van Genuchten model parameters were assessed using a factorial design. Integral root mean square difference (IRMSD) and surface difference (SD) parameters were calculated to evaluate the impact of different treatments on the SMCC, as a whole. The controlled grazing treatment at the back-slope recorded the lowest residual water content, measuring 0.151 cm³ cm⁻³ in the 0.00- to 12.5-cm depth. Conversely, the highest value of 0.234 cm³ cm⁻³ was observed in the free grazing treatment at the shoulder, specifically in the 12.5- to 25-cm depth. The results indicate that the permanent wilting point (PWP) value at the second depth exceeded that of the first depth. Specifically, at the second depth, the PWP value in the shoulder region of the slope under free grazing (0.235 cm³ cm⁻³) surpassed that of the corresponding position under controlled grazing (0.192 cm³ cm⁻³). The findings revealed that the highest α parameter value (0.438 cm<sup>−1</sup>) was observed at the first depth of the back-slope position under the controlled grazing treatment. Results indicated significant effects of grazing, slope position, and sampling depth on soil properties and SMCC parameters. Notably, controlled grazing led to higher values of IRMSD (0.178 cm³ cm⁻³) and SD (0.672 cm³ cm⁻³), indicating enhanced moisture retention capabilities compared with free grazing. The study provides valuable insights into optimizing grazing practices for sustainable soil health and water management in pasture ecosystems.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49634,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Rangeland Ecology & Management\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Rangeland Ecology & Management\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550742424000058\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550742424000058","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Investigating the Long-Term Effect of Livestock Grazing, Slope Location, and Sampling Depth on Soil Moisture Characteristic Curves
Soil moisture characteristic curves (SMCCs) play a crucial role in understanding and managing soil-water relationships, which is vital in various fields including agriculture, civil engineering, environmental science, and hydrology. This study investigates the impact of livestock grazing, slope location, and sampling depth on SMCCs in the Gonbad watershed, western Iran. Livestock grazing practices were compared between free grazing and controlled grazing, along with three slope positions (shoulder, back, and foot-slope) and two sampling depths (0−12.5 cm and 12.5−25 cm). The van Genuchten model was employed to model the SMCC, incorporating Mualem's assumption. Water content at different matric suctions and van Genuchten model parameters were assessed using a factorial design. Integral root mean square difference (IRMSD) and surface difference (SD) parameters were calculated to evaluate the impact of different treatments on the SMCC, as a whole. The controlled grazing treatment at the back-slope recorded the lowest residual water content, measuring 0.151 cm³ cm⁻³ in the 0.00- to 12.5-cm depth. Conversely, the highest value of 0.234 cm³ cm⁻³ was observed in the free grazing treatment at the shoulder, specifically in the 12.5- to 25-cm depth. The results indicate that the permanent wilting point (PWP) value at the second depth exceeded that of the first depth. Specifically, at the second depth, the PWP value in the shoulder region of the slope under free grazing (0.235 cm³ cm⁻³) surpassed that of the corresponding position under controlled grazing (0.192 cm³ cm⁻³). The findings revealed that the highest α parameter value (0.438 cm−1) was observed at the first depth of the back-slope position under the controlled grazing treatment. Results indicated significant effects of grazing, slope position, and sampling depth on soil properties and SMCC parameters. Notably, controlled grazing led to higher values of IRMSD (0.178 cm³ cm⁻³) and SD (0.672 cm³ cm⁻³), indicating enhanced moisture retention capabilities compared with free grazing. The study provides valuable insights into optimizing grazing practices for sustainable soil health and water management in pasture ecosystems.
期刊介绍:
Rangeland Ecology & Management publishes all topics-including ecology, management, socioeconomic and policy-pertaining to global rangelands. The journal''s mission is to inform academics, ecosystem managers and policy makers of science-based information to promote sound rangeland stewardship. Author submissions are published in five manuscript categories: original research papers, high-profile forum topics, concept syntheses, as well as research and technical notes.
Rangelands represent approximately 50% of the Earth''s land area and provision multiple ecosystem services for large human populations. This expansive and diverse land area functions as coupled human-ecological systems. Knowledge of both social and biophysical system components and their interactions represent the foundation for informed rangeland stewardship. Rangeland Ecology & Management uniquely integrates information from multiple system components to address current and pending challenges confronting global rangelands.