牛津拉丁语句法》。第二卷:复句和论述》,作者 Harm Pinkster(评论)

IF 0.2 3区 历史学 0 CLASSICS
Andrew R. Dyck
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ISBN 9-780199-230563. <p>In 1969, after refuting the widely held belief that A, B, and C coordination is not found in Cicero and Caesar, Harm Pinkster lamented that “a continuous up to date re-editing of an <em>opus maximum</em> like K(ühner)-St(egmann), that aims at providing the philologist with a mass of grammatical facts and not so much at giving him insight into the historical evolution, has been omitted” (<em>Mnemosyne</em> 22: 267). Having identified that gap, Pinkster set about to fill it and provide a complete analysis of the Latin language aided by the tools of modern linguistics. Having catered for the simple clause in the first volume of his <em>Syntax</em> (2015), reviewed in this journal at 110 (2017), 575–76, with this volume, which appeared shortly before his death, Pinkster put the coping stone on his project.</p> <p>The format of the previous volume continues, with numbered sections and sub-sections each beginning with a descriptive analysis of the phenomena and supported by example sentences mostly drawn from Plautus, Terence, and Cicero, each supplied with an English rendering. Many of the sections also include <strong>[End Page 228]</strong> a “Supplement,” with further examples quoted in a smaller font and without an English version. It is in the area of terminology that readers trained in traditional Latin grammar are likely to have difficulty. The terminology of Dutch Functional Grammar is used throughout, so readers unfamiliar with it should consult the explanations at the beginning of Volume 1. But the new terminology sometimes seems unnecessarily opaque, as, for instance, when Pinkster speaks of “the expansion type” of result clause (p. 308), by which he means what we ordinarily call a “consecutive clause with limiting force,” an expression he does not use.</p> <p>Since the large grammar of Kühner and Stegmann is the model, this second volume deals, like theirs, with the various types of subordinate clauses. There are some differences, however. Thus, Pinkster treats the ablative absolute in this volume as a clause, whereas Kühner and Stegmann handled it in their first volume under the participle (1:766). One might not have expected a detailed treatment of word order (pp. 948–1137)—Kühner and Stegmann offered a relatively brief one (2:589–629)—or of stylistic matters (pp. 1138–1231). This volume concludes with an <em>Index Locorum</em> and a General Index to both volumes, prepared by the author’s daughter Akke Pinkster (pp. 1303–1438).</p> <p>As in Volume 1, Pinkster explores a wide range of materials and does so from a deep base of knowledge of linguistics and of European languages. A number of myths that are often disseminated in Latin classrooms are unceremoniously exploded, such as the idea that Latin has a pervasive Subject-Object-Verb word order. In fact, in a study of the languages of Europe using twelve variables of constituent order, Latin emerges as the most flexible (p. 966). Another instance is the doctrine, found in some grammars, that high frequency asyndeton is an archaic feature; but the frequency in Seneca is very high, so it is better described as a stylistic preference (p. 1163).</p> <p>In general, reflecting both his own interests and those of recent scholarship, Pinkster is at his best in the various kinds of interactive discourse, where, as it happens, his predecessors are weakest. Thus, he offers a section on “curses and swear words” with an accompanying table showing distribution by the speaker’s gender (pp. 919–22). Typical of Pinkster’s systematic approach is the treatment of interjections, which begins with a definition of the term and then divides them into types with attention to the authors and periods of their occurrence (pp. 923–37), whereas the short treatment by Kühner and Stegmann (2:272–74) is mainly concerned with the syntax of any accompanying noun. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

以下是内容的简要摘录,以代替摘要:评论者: 牛津拉丁语句法》。第二卷:复句和论述》,作者:Harm Pinkster Andrew R. Dyck Harm Pinkster。牛津拉丁语句法》。第二卷:复合句和论述》。牛津:牛津大学出版社,2021 年。第 xxxii 页,1,438 页。ISBN9-780199-230563。1969 年,哈姆-平克斯特(Harm Pinkster)在驳斥了西塞罗和凯撒中没有 A、B 和 C 协调这一广为流传的观点之后,感叹道:"像 K(ühner)-St(egmann) 这样旨在为语言学家提供大量语法事实,而不是让他深入了解历史演变情况的著作,却没有得到持续不断的重新编辑"(Mnemosyne 22: 267)。发现这一空白后,平克斯特开始着手填补,并借助现代语言学工具对拉丁语进行全面分析。平克斯特在他的《语法》(Syntax)第一卷(2015 年)(本刊曾在 110 (2017), 575-76 期对该书进行过评论)中对简单句进行了论述,在他去世前不久出版的这一卷中,平克斯特为他的计划画上了圆满的句号。本卷延续了上一卷的格式,采用编号的章节和小节,每个章节从现象的描述性分析开始,并辅以例句,这些例句大多取自普劳图斯、特伦斯和西塞罗,每个例句都配有英文译文。许多章节还包括[第 228 页末]一个 "补充",以较小的字体引用更多的例句,但没有英文版本。在术语方面,受过传统拉丁语语法训练的读者可能会遇到困难。全书使用荷兰语功能语法的术语,因此不熟悉这些术语的读者应参阅第 1 卷开头的解释。但是,新术语有时显得不必要地不透明,例如,当平克斯特谈到结果分句的 "扩展类型 "时(第 308 页),他指的是我们通常所说的 "具有限制力的连续分句",而他并没有使用这一表达方式。由于库纳(Kühner)和施特曼(Stegmann)的大型语法是范本,因此第二卷也像他们一样,讨论各种类型的从句。但也有一些不同之处。因此,平克斯特在这一卷中将消去绝对句作为一个分句来处理,而库纳和施特曼在他们的第一卷中则将其作为分词来处理(1:766)。人们可能不会期望对词序(第 948-1137 页)或文体事项(第 1138-1231 页)进行详细的处理--库纳和施特曼提供了相对简短的处理(2:589-629)。本卷最后附有作者女儿 Akke Pinkster 为两卷编写的《地点索引》和《总索引》(第 1303-1438 页)。与第一卷一样,平克斯特从深厚的语言学和欧洲语言知识基础出发,探索了广泛的资料。他毫不客气地揭穿了拉丁语课堂上经常流传的一些神话,例如拉丁语普遍存在主语-宾语-动词的词序。事实上,在一项使用十二种成分顺序变量对欧洲语言进行的研究中,拉丁语是最灵活的语言(第 966 页)。另一个例子是,一些语法学家认为高频率的asyndeton是一种古老的特征;但在塞内加语中,asyndeton的频率非常高,因此最好将其描述为一种文体偏好(第1163页)。总体而言,平克斯特在各种互动话语中的表现最出色,这反映了他本人和最新学术研究的兴趣,而恰巧在这些领域,他的前辈们的研究最薄弱。因此,他在 "咒骂和脏话 "一节中提供了一个表格,显示按说话者性别的分布情况(第 919-22 页)。平克斯特系统化方法的典型代表是对插入语的处理,他首先给出了该词的定义,然后将插入语分为不同类型,并关注其出现的作者和时期(第 923-37 页),而 Kühner 和 Stegmann 的简短处理(2:272-74)则主要关注任何附带名词的句法。同样,Pinkster 对 "address"(地址)进行了相当详细的处理(第 937-47 页),而 Kühner 和 Steg-mann 则对 "address "感兴趣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Oxford Latin Syntax. Volume II: The Complex Sentence and Discourse by Harm Pinkster (review)
In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

Reviewed by:

  • The Oxford Latin Syntax. Volume II: The Complex Sentence and Discourse by Harm Pinkster
  • Andrew R. Dyck
Harm Pinkster. The Oxford Latin Syntax. Volume II: The Complex Sentence and Discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021. Pp. xxxii, 1,438. $190.00. ISBN 9-780199-230563.

In 1969, after refuting the widely held belief that A, B, and C coordination is not found in Cicero and Caesar, Harm Pinkster lamented that “a continuous up to date re-editing of an opus maximum like K(ühner)-St(egmann), that aims at providing the philologist with a mass of grammatical facts and not so much at giving him insight into the historical evolution, has been omitted” (Mnemosyne 22: 267). Having identified that gap, Pinkster set about to fill it and provide a complete analysis of the Latin language aided by the tools of modern linguistics. Having catered for the simple clause in the first volume of his Syntax (2015), reviewed in this journal at 110 (2017), 575–76, with this volume, which appeared shortly before his death, Pinkster put the coping stone on his project.

The format of the previous volume continues, with numbered sections and sub-sections each beginning with a descriptive analysis of the phenomena and supported by example sentences mostly drawn from Plautus, Terence, and Cicero, each supplied with an English rendering. Many of the sections also include [End Page 228] a “Supplement,” with further examples quoted in a smaller font and without an English version. It is in the area of terminology that readers trained in traditional Latin grammar are likely to have difficulty. The terminology of Dutch Functional Grammar is used throughout, so readers unfamiliar with it should consult the explanations at the beginning of Volume 1. But the new terminology sometimes seems unnecessarily opaque, as, for instance, when Pinkster speaks of “the expansion type” of result clause (p. 308), by which he means what we ordinarily call a “consecutive clause with limiting force,” an expression he does not use.

Since the large grammar of Kühner and Stegmann is the model, this second volume deals, like theirs, with the various types of subordinate clauses. There are some differences, however. Thus, Pinkster treats the ablative absolute in this volume as a clause, whereas Kühner and Stegmann handled it in their first volume under the participle (1:766). One might not have expected a detailed treatment of word order (pp. 948–1137)—Kühner and Stegmann offered a relatively brief one (2:589–629)—or of stylistic matters (pp. 1138–1231). This volume concludes with an Index Locorum and a General Index to both volumes, prepared by the author’s daughter Akke Pinkster (pp. 1303–1438).

As in Volume 1, Pinkster explores a wide range of materials and does so from a deep base of knowledge of linguistics and of European languages. A number of myths that are often disseminated in Latin classrooms are unceremoniously exploded, such as the idea that Latin has a pervasive Subject-Object-Verb word order. In fact, in a study of the languages of Europe using twelve variables of constituent order, Latin emerges as the most flexible (p. 966). Another instance is the doctrine, found in some grammars, that high frequency asyndeton is an archaic feature; but the frequency in Seneca is very high, so it is better described as a stylistic preference (p. 1163).

In general, reflecting both his own interests and those of recent scholarship, Pinkster is at his best in the various kinds of interactive discourse, where, as it happens, his predecessors are weakest. Thus, he offers a section on “curses and swear words” with an accompanying table showing distribution by the speaker’s gender (pp. 919–22). Typical of Pinkster’s systematic approach is the treatment of interjections, which begins with a definition of the term and then divides them into types with attention to the authors and periods of their occurrence (pp. 923–37), whereas the short treatment by Kühner and Stegmann (2:272–74) is mainly concerned with the syntax of any accompanying noun. Similarly, Pinkster offers a fairly detailed treatment of “address” (pp. 937–47), whereas Kühner and Steg-mann are interested...

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来源期刊
CLASSICAL WORLD
CLASSICAL WORLD CLASSICS-
CiteScore
0.30
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0.00%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Classical World (ISSN 0009-8418) is the quarterly journal of The Classical Association of the Atlantic States, published on a seasonal schedule with Fall (September-November), Winter (December-February), Spring (March-May), and Summer (June-August) issues. Begun in 1907 as The Classical Weekly, this peer-reviewed journal publishes contributions on all aspects of Greek and Roman literature, history, and society.
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