上、下、双面洛伦兹吸引子、碰撞、合并和切换

Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI:10.1017/etds.2024.8
DIEGO BARROS, CHRISTIAN BONATTI, MARIA JOSÉ PACIFICO
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It consists of a <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline1.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $C^1$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> open set <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline2.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\mathcal O}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> of vector fields in <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline3.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\mathbb R}^3$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> having an attracting region <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline4.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\mathcal U}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> satisfying three properties. Namely, a unique singularity <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline5.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\sigma $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>; a unique attractor <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline6.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\Lambda $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> including the singular point and the maximal invariant in <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline7.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\mathcal U}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> has at most two chain recurrence classes, which are <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline8.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\Lambda $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and (at most) one hyperbolic horseshoe. The horseshoe and the singular attractor have a collision along with the union of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline9.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $2$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> codimension <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline10.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $1$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> submanifolds which split <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline11.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\mathcal O}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> into three regions. By crossing this collision locus, the attractor and the horseshoe may merge into a two-sided Lorenz attractor, or they may exchange their nature: the Lorenz attractor expels the singular point <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline12.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\sigma $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and becomes a horseshoe, and the horseshoe absorbs <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0143385724000087_inline13.png\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\sigma $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> becoming a Lorenz attractor.","PeriodicalId":0,"journal":{"name":"","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Upper, down, two-sided Lorenz attractor, collisions, merging, and switching\",\"authors\":\"DIEGO BARROS, CHRISTIAN BONATTI, MARIA JOSÉ PACIFICO\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/etds.2024.8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"We present a modified version of the well-known geometric Lorenz attractor. It consists of a <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline1.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> $C^1$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> open set <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline2.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\\\mathcal O}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> of vector fields in <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline3.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\\\mathbb R}^3$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> having an attracting region <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline4.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\\\mathcal U}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> satisfying three properties. Namely, a unique singularity <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline5.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\\\sigma $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>; a unique attractor <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline6.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\\\Lambda $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> including the singular point and the maximal invariant in <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline7.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> ${\\\\mathcal U}$ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> has at most two chain recurrence classes, which are <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" mime-subtype=\\\"png\\\" xlink:href=\\\"S0143385724000087_inline8.png\\\" /> <jats:tex-math> $\\\\Lambda $ </jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and (at most) one hyperbolic horseshoe. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们提出了著名的几何洛伦兹吸引子的改进版本。它由${\mathbb R}^3$ 中向量场的$C^1$开集${\mathcal O}$组成,该向量场有一个满足三个性质的吸引区域${\mathcal U}$。即,一个唯一的奇异点 $\sigma $ ;一个唯一的吸引子 $\Lambda $ 包括奇异点和最大不变量,在 ${\mathcal U}$ 中最多有两个链递归类,分别是 $\Lambda $ 和(最多)一个双曲马蹄形。马蹄形和奇异吸引子有一个碰撞点,碰撞点是 2 元codimension 1 元的子满足的结合点,它将 ${\mathcal O}$ 分割成三个区域。越过这个碰撞点,吸引子和马蹄形可能合并成双面洛伦兹吸引子,也可能交换性质:洛伦兹吸引子驱逐奇异点 $\sigma $,变成马蹄形,而马蹄形吸收 $\sigma $,变成洛伦兹吸引子。
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Upper, down, two-sided Lorenz attractor, collisions, merging, and switching
We present a modified version of the well-known geometric Lorenz attractor. It consists of a $C^1$ open set ${\mathcal O}$ of vector fields in ${\mathbb R}^3$ having an attracting region ${\mathcal U}$ satisfying three properties. Namely, a unique singularity $\sigma $ ; a unique attractor $\Lambda $ including the singular point and the maximal invariant in ${\mathcal U}$ has at most two chain recurrence classes, which are $\Lambda $ and (at most) one hyperbolic horseshoe. The horseshoe and the singular attractor have a collision along with the union of $2$ codimension $1$ submanifolds which split ${\mathcal O}$ into three regions. By crossing this collision locus, the attractor and the horseshoe may merge into a two-sided Lorenz attractor, or they may exchange their nature: the Lorenz attractor expels the singular point $\sigma $ and becomes a horseshoe, and the horseshoe absorbs $\sigma $ becoming a Lorenz attractor.
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