西非工坊怎么了?1911-1952年尼日利亚北部殖民地手工纺织品的复兴与衰落

IF 1.4 1区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS
Emiliano Travieso, Tom Westland
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尼日利亚北部的索科托哈里发国在十九世纪殖民前是西非的工场,生产著名的蓝黑色布匹,销往撒哈拉以南和撒哈拉以南的许多市场。在英国殖民统治下,这一庞大的手工纺织业面临着外国竞争的狂风。我们依靠一套新数字化的殖民时期地区报告来衡量贸易对尼日利亚北部纺织制造业的影响,并发现(与英国人的预期相反)靠近火车站的地区不太可能出现工业衰退。我们认为,当地纺织业的恢复能力依赖于旱季劳动力的低机会成本。通过分析税收微观数据,我们发现,雨季以外的低劳动力机会成本与从事纺织品副业的高可能性相关。相对要素价格的季节性变化既是陷阱,也是避难所。兼业限制了专业化和技术创新,有助于解释尼日利亚北部纺织业最终衰落的原因。因此,除了我们的特定案例研究之外,这些结果有助于我们理解季节性在决定热带经济结构和发展速度方面的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

What happened to the workshop of West Africa? Resilience and decline of handicraft textiles in colonial northern Nigeria, 1911–52

What happened to the workshop of West Africa? Resilience and decline of handicraft textiles in colonial northern Nigeria, 1911–52

The Sokoto Caliphate of northern Nigeria was the workshop of West Africa in the pre-colonial nineteenth century, producing famous blue-black cloth that reached many markets south of the Sahara as well as across it. Under British colonial rule this large handicraft textile industry was faced with the winds of foreign competition. We rely on a newly digitized set of colonial district reports to measure the impact of trade on northern Nigerian textile manufacturing and find that (contrary to British expectations) areas closer to railway stations were less likely to experience industrial decline. We argue that the resilience of local textiles relied on the low opportunity cost of dry-season labour. Analysing a piece of tax microdata, we show that a low opportunity cost of labour outside of the rainy season was associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in textile by-employment. Seasonal changes in relative factor prices were a trap as well as a refuge. Part-time employment limited specialization and technological innovation, and can help to explain why northern Nigerian textiles eventually declined. Thus, beyond our particular case study, these results contribute to our understanding of the role of seasonality in determining the structure and pace of development of tropical economies.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
27.30%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: The Economic History Review is published quarterly and each volume contains over 800 pages. It is an invaluable source of information and is available free to members of the Economic History Society. Publishing reviews of books, periodicals and information technology, The Review will keep anyone interested in economic and social history abreast of current developments in the subject. It aims at broad coverage of themes of economic and social change, including the intellectual, political and cultural implications of these changes.
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