Impact of Causation and Effectuation on Competitiveness among Nano Businesses in Nigeria

Globally, nano, micro, small, and medium businesses are known to stimulate industrialisation of national economies through their impactful and strategic contribution. However, less than 14% of nano businesses in Nigeria experienced growth and development, which has implications on the national economy and calls for concern. Therefore, this study examined whether causation and effectuation will have a positive significant influence on the competitiveness of nano businesses while integrating the theory of effectuation in these relationships. Cross-sectional data were collected from 255 owner-mangers of nano businesses through questionnaire survey instruments and analysed them through the technique of hierarchical regression of SPSS AMOS version 23 software. The analyses revealed that both causation and effectuation have positive significant influence on the competitiveness of nano businesses. The study concludes by acknowledging the role of causation approach in helping nano businesses set clear goals and efficiently allocate resources to achieve the goals and effectuation as an approach for pursuing opportunities during uncertainty to remain competitive.