促进可持续农业:促进可持续农业:缓解土壤盐碱化挑战的方法:促进可持续农业:促进可持续农业:缓解土壤盐碱化挑战的方法:综述综述

Sarita, Bhupnesh, Vinod Goyal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土壤盐碱化是一种主要的非生物压力,它限制了世界各地的农业生产力。人为策略在减轻土壤盐碱化和恢复土壤健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这些策略包括物理、化学和生物过程,分别针对土壤盐分管理的不同方面。物理过程包括控制土壤和水的性质,以尽量减少盐分积累。改进灌溉技术,如滴灌和喷灌系统,可优化水的分布,最大限度地减少盐分积累。高效的排水系统可防止积水,促进盐分沥滤。化学工艺侧重于通过添加石膏和有机物等改良剂来改变土壤环境,以增强土壤结构、养分供应和盐分转移。这些过程可改善土壤质量和盐分管理。生物过程则利用耐盐植物(halophytes)的能力,通过在其组织中积累盐分来降低土壤盐分。含有有益微生物的微生物接种剂或生物肥料可促进养分循环、土壤结构和植物对盐分的耐受性。物理、化学和生物过程的整合为缓解土壤盐碱化提供了一种综合方法。通过将这些策略结合起来,研究人员和从业人员可以针对具体地点的条件和作物要求制定量身定制的管理计划。成功实施人为策略可以为土壤盐渍化提供可持续的解决方案,提高农业生产力,促进土壤生态系统的长期健康。本综述深入探讨了缓解土壤盐碱化的人为策略的最新研究趋势和进展,有助于开发有效、可持续的土壤盐碱化管理方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Promoting Sustainable Agriculture: Approaches for Mitigating Soil Salinity Challenges: A ReviewPromoting Sustainable Agriculture: Approaches for Mitigating Soil Salinity Challenges: A Review
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits the agricultural productivity throughout the world. Anthropogenic strategies play a vital role in mitigating soil salinity and restoring soil health. These strategies encompass physical, chemical and biological processes, each targeting different aspects of soil salinity management. Physical processes involve the manipulation of soil and water properties to minimize salt accumulation. Improved irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems, optimize water distribution and minimize salt buildup. Efficient drainage systems prevent waterlogging and facilitate salt leaching. Chemical processes focus on modifying the soil environment through amendments, such as gypsum and organic matter additions, to enhance soil structure, nutrient availability and salt displacement. These processes improve soil quality and salt management. Biological processes exploit the capabilities of halophytes, salt-tolerant plant species, to reduce soil salinity by accumulating salts in their tissues. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers containing beneficial microorganisms enhance nutrient cycling, soil structure and plant tolerance to salinity. The integration of physical, chemical and biological processes offers a comprehensive approach to soil salinity mitigation. By combining these strategies, researchers and practitioners can develop tailored management plans that address site-specific conditions and crop requirements. Successful implementation of anthropogenic strategies can lead to sustainable solutions for soil salinity, improving agricultural productivity and promoting the long-term health of soil ecosystems. This comprehensive review provides insights into the latest research trends and advancements in anthropogenic strategies for mitigating soil salinity, contributing to the development of effective and sustainable approaches for soil salinity management.
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