成人疱疹性角膜结膜炎:关于发病率、发病机制和治疗方法的叙述性综述

A. Di Zazzo, Angela Y. Zhu, Ken Nischal, Simon S. M. Fung
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引用次数: 0

摘要

春季角结膜炎(VKC)是一种慢性、进行性、过敏性眼表疾病,可导致危及视力的并发症。VKC 主要发生在儿童身上,一般在青春期左右消退;然而,系列病例和回顾性分析表明,大约 10% 的 VKC 患者是成年人,其中一部分成年人病例在青春期后发病。因此,最近出现了两种与年龄相关的 VKC 变体:早发 VKC(在儿童期表现并持续到成年)和晚发疾病(在青春期后重新发病)。虽然成人 VKC 和儿童 VKC 的症状和体征相似,但成人 VKC 是一种持续时间较长的疾病,其特点是炎症严重,结膜纤维化的风险增加,这可能会使成人患者面临更高的危及视力的并发症风险,并对日常生活造成不利影响。本综述将讨论成人 VKC 变体的流行病学、体征、症状和免疫发病机制,并重点介绍目前在研究和管理该病患者方面存在的差距。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis in adults: a narrative review of prevalence, pathogenesis, and management
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, progressive, allergic ocular surface disorder that can lead to sight-threatening complications. VKC occurs primarily in children and generally resolves about the time of puberty; however, case series and retrospective analyses indicate that approximately 10% of patients with VKC are adults, and that a subset of adult cases develop after puberty. Consequently, two age-related variants of VKC have recently been described: early-onset VKC—which manifests during childhood and persists into adult life—and late-onset disease, which emerges de novo after puberty. Although the signs and symptoms of adult and childhood VKC are similar, adult VKC is a long-lasting disease characterized by severe inflammation and increased risk of conjunctival fibrosis, which may place adult patients at higher risk for sight-threatening complications and adverse impacts on daily life. This review discusses the epidemiology, signs, symptoms, immunopathogenesis of adult VKC variants, and highlights current gaps in research and management of patients with this condition.
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