{"title":"香芹酚-自纳米乳化给药系统的制备、表征及对健康 Sprague Dawley 大鼠的亚慢性毒性研究","authors":"F. Maarouf, H. Rahman","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241230820","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carvacrol (CAR) is the active component in essential oils (EOs) of many fragrant plants, including oregano and thyme; however, its high toxicity restricts its usage in biomedical fields, and the self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was suggested to overcome this issue. Objective: To prepare and characterize the CAR-loaded SNEDDS and to assess its toxicity profile towards healthy rats using the in vivo sub-chronic study. Methods: SNEDDS was prepared from olive oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, Tween-80, and distilled water, then CAR-SNEDDS was prepared by adding 0.5% CAR to SNEDDS and both composites were gently agitated for 72 h at room temperature. Later on, both composites were physiochemically characterized for size/charge (Zetasizer), shape (TEM), crystallinity (XRAD), composition (FTIR), and quantitated (UV–Vis). Additionally, the sub-chronic toxicity of both composites at different doses was conducted by orally treating healthy Sprague Dawley for 4 weeks. Then, the treated rats were checked for toxicological symptoms, food/water intake, and behavioral abnormality. In addition, the blood samples were tested for hematologic/biochemical changes, while vital organs (liver and kidney) were assessed for histopathological alterations. Results: The average globule size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of CAR-SNEDDS were 158.93 ± 22.18 nm, −22.56 ± 1.77 mV, 0.553 ± 0.31, respectively. All treated animal tissues, serum biochemical profiles, and total hemograms were normal. At 30-90 mg/kg oral doses, CAR-SNEDDS was not toxic and did not cause mortality. Conclusions: CAR-SNEDDS was successfully synthesized and characterized, and the results from sub-chronic oral toxicity studies showed that the CAR-SNEDDS were non-toxic and safe for biomedical fields.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"59 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Preparation, Characterization, and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Carvacrol-Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Towards Healthy Sprague Dawley Rats\",\"authors\":\"F. Maarouf, H. Rahman\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/1934578x241230820\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background: Carvacrol (CAR) is the active component in essential oils (EOs) of many fragrant plants, including oregano and thyme; however, its high toxicity restricts its usage in biomedical fields, and the self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was suggested to overcome this issue. Objective: To prepare and characterize the CAR-loaded SNEDDS and to assess its toxicity profile towards healthy rats using the in vivo sub-chronic study. Methods: SNEDDS was prepared from olive oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, Tween-80, and distilled water, then CAR-SNEDDS was prepared by adding 0.5% CAR to SNEDDS and both composites were gently agitated for 72 h at room temperature. Later on, both composites were physiochemically characterized for size/charge (Zetasizer), shape (TEM), crystallinity (XRAD), composition (FTIR), and quantitated (UV–Vis). Additionally, the sub-chronic toxicity of both composites at different doses was conducted by orally treating healthy Sprague Dawley for 4 weeks. Then, the treated rats were checked for toxicological symptoms, food/water intake, and behavioral abnormality. In addition, the blood samples were tested for hematologic/biochemical changes, while vital organs (liver and kidney) were assessed for histopathological alterations. Results: The average globule size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of CAR-SNEDDS were 158.93 ± 22.18 nm, −22.56 ± 1.77 mV, 0.553 ± 0.31, respectively. All treated animal tissues, serum biochemical profiles, and total hemograms were normal. At 30-90 mg/kg oral doses, CAR-SNEDDS was not toxic and did not cause mortality. Conclusions: CAR-SNEDDS was successfully synthesized and characterized, and the results from sub-chronic oral toxicity studies showed that the CAR-SNEDDS were non-toxic and safe for biomedical fields.\",\"PeriodicalId\":509851,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Natural Product Communications\",\"volume\":\"59 8\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Natural Product Communications\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241230820\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Natural Product Communications","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241230820","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Preparation, Characterization, and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Carvacrol-Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Towards Healthy Sprague Dawley Rats
Background: Carvacrol (CAR) is the active component in essential oils (EOs) of many fragrant plants, including oregano and thyme; however, its high toxicity restricts its usage in biomedical fields, and the self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was suggested to overcome this issue. Objective: To prepare and characterize the CAR-loaded SNEDDS and to assess its toxicity profile towards healthy rats using the in vivo sub-chronic study. Methods: SNEDDS was prepared from olive oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, Tween-80, and distilled water, then CAR-SNEDDS was prepared by adding 0.5% CAR to SNEDDS and both composites were gently agitated for 72 h at room temperature. Later on, both composites were physiochemically characterized for size/charge (Zetasizer), shape (TEM), crystallinity (XRAD), composition (FTIR), and quantitated (UV–Vis). Additionally, the sub-chronic toxicity of both composites at different doses was conducted by orally treating healthy Sprague Dawley for 4 weeks. Then, the treated rats were checked for toxicological symptoms, food/water intake, and behavioral abnormality. In addition, the blood samples were tested for hematologic/biochemical changes, while vital organs (liver and kidney) were assessed for histopathological alterations. Results: The average globule size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of CAR-SNEDDS were 158.93 ± 22.18 nm, −22.56 ± 1.77 mV, 0.553 ± 0.31, respectively. All treated animal tissues, serum biochemical profiles, and total hemograms were normal. At 30-90 mg/kg oral doses, CAR-SNEDDS was not toxic and did not cause mortality. Conclusions: CAR-SNEDDS was successfully synthesized and characterized, and the results from sub-chronic oral toxicity studies showed that the CAR-SNEDDS were non-toxic and safe for biomedical fields.