卡特里娜飓风幸存者创伤后成长的长期过程。

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
Traumatology Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI:10.1037/trm0000497
Justin M. Preston, Sarah R. Lowe, Jean E. Rhodes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们认为,创伤幸存者的创伤后成长(PTG)经历是动态的,其程度会随着时间的推移而变化。虽然有少量文献对 PTG 的轨迹进行了研究,但主要的局限性包括缺乏事件发生前的数据,以及很少考虑幸存者在创伤事件后所经历的与灾难无关的资源和压力。本研究调查了在卡特里娜飓风中幸存下来的低收入母亲(主要是黑人母亲)在大约 10 年的时间里 PTG 稳定和变化的相关因素。利用包括灾前数据在内的多波数据集,确定了 PTG 的三个不同过程:(1) PTG 持续上升(31.6%);(2) PTG 下降(38.3%);(3) PTG 上升(30.1%)。一系列社会心理资源,包括幸存者的目标感、邻里满意度、积极的宗教应对和感知到的社会支持,都与这些群体的成员资格有关。相对于 "持续高PTG "或 "增加PTG "课程,"低PTG "和 "减少PTG "课程的总体压力得分与成员资格有明显的相关性。此外,相对于 "持续高PTG "课程而言,那些财务不稳定程度较高的人加入 "低PTG "和 "不断降低PTG "课程的几率会增加。尽管还需要进行更多的研究,但研究结果表明,PTG 是一个过程,与最初的创伤事件本身无关的经历和资源既可以促进也可以阻碍这一过程。这为临床干预和政策提供了新的机会,以更好地支持幸存者在灾难后经历成长。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Long-term courses of posttraumatic growth in survivors of Hurricane Katrina.
Trauma survivors’ experiences of perceived posttraumatic growth (PTG) are thought to be dynamic, with levels varying over time. Although a small body of literature has examined PTG trajectories, key limitations include the lack of pre-event data and little consideration of the non-disaster-related resources and stressors experienced by survivors following the trauma event. The present study investigated factors associated with stability and shifts in PTG over the course of approximately 10 years in low-income, primarily Black mothers who survived Hurricane Katrina. Drawing on a multi-wave dataset that included pre-disaster data, three distinct courses of PTG were identified: (1) Consistently High PTG (31.6%); (2) Low and Decreasing PTG (38.3%); and (3) Increasing PTG (30.1%). A range of psychosocial resources, including survivors’ sense of purpose, neighborhood satisfaction, positive religious coping, and perceived social support, were associated with membership in these groups. Overall stressor scores were significantly associated with membership in the Low and Decreasing PTG course relative to either the Consistently High PTG or Increasing PTG courses. Additionally, those experiencing higher levels of financial instability experienced increased odds of membership in the Low and Decreasing PTG course relative to the Consistently High PTG course. Although more research is needed, the results suggest that PTG is a process that can be both facilitated and impeded by experiences and resources not associated with the initial traumatic event itself. This presents novel opportunities for clinical intervention and policies to better support survivors in experiencing growth in the wake of disaster.
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来源期刊
Traumatology
Traumatology Nursing-Nursing (all)
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.10%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: The purpose of this peer-reviewed Journal is to disseminate new and original contributions to the traumatology field as quickly as possible to subscribers after they emerge from the field. This requires a dedicated Editorial Board, ad hoc reviewers, and contributors who are willing to contribute their time without charge. Contributions focus on theoretical formulations, research, treatment, prevention, education, training, medical, and legal and policy concerns. The Journal serves as the primary reference for professionals who study and treat people exposed to highly stressful and traumatic events.
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