黑白相间的皮毛是疣猴的视觉保护色

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Ossi Nokelainen, Sandra Winters, Zeke Rowe, Fernando A. Campos, Eva C. Wikberg, Natasha Howell, Tim Caro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要显眼的颜色通常被认为是性选择或通过视觉警告捕食者有关猎物防御的进化结果,尽管并非所有显眼的物种都符合这一范例。有几种疣猴是例外,它们的黑白肤色是大型疣猴的特征,但从未得到过解释。在这里,我们利用在野外拍摄的黑白疣猴(Colobus vellerosus)照片、定量图像分析和视觉建模(经敏锐度校正的猫科动物、黑猩猩和猛禽视觉),提供了它们的肤色在自然森林环境中提供距离依赖性伪装的证据。在所有视距下,黑白疣猴都能融入周围环境,因为它们在生态相关的捕食者视觉模型中与背景的色度重叠度很高,而捕食者视觉模型的视觉敏锐度较低。此外,在黑猩猩和猫科动物的视觉中,有证据表明在较远的观看距离上存在边缘干扰。我们对不同种类疣猴的比较分析并不支持黑白肤色与较大体重或群体大小之间的联系,但这可能仅仅是由于疣猴科的物种数量有限。我们的推论是,黑白疣猴通过背景匹配获得视觉保护色来对抗鼬科动物,并通过破坏性着色来对抗鼬科动物和黑猩猩,但在对抗猛禽时较少依赖这些保护色机制。我们的研究利用疣猴的照片、图像分析和视觉建模,为这种着色揭示了一种新方法。我们的研究表明,在自然森林栖息地,黑白疣猴对视觉敏锐度较低的生态相关掠食者采用距离依赖性伪装,在视距增加时与背景融为一体。总之,黑白疣猴色彩的进化似乎与针对猫科动物的背景匹配有关,对猫科动物和黑猩猩来说,破坏性伪装具有额外的益处,但对猛禽来说,这种益处较少,这为哺乳动物色彩与生存策略之间复杂的相互作用提供了新的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Black-and-white pelage as visually protective coloration in colobus monkeys

Black-and-white pelage as visually protective coloration in colobus monkeys

Abstract

Conspicuous coloration is often seen as the evolutionary consequence of either sexual selection or warning predators visually about prey defences, although not all conspicuous species fit this paradigm. Exceptions include several species of colobus monkeys whose black-and-white coloration, characteristic of larger colobines, has never been explained. Here, using photographs of black-and-white colobus (Colobus vellerosus) taken in the wild, quantitative image analysis, and vision modelling (acuity-corrected feline, chimpanzee, and raptor vision), we provide evidence that their coloration provides distance-dependent camouflage in natural forest environments. At all viewing distances, black-and-white colobus monkeys blend into their environment because of their high chromatic overlap with the background when viewed by ecologically relevant predator vision models which have low visual acuities. Additionally, for chimpanzee and felid vision, there was evidence of edge disruption at longer viewing distances. Our comparative analyses of different species of colobines do not support an association between black-and-white coloration and larger body mass or group size, but this may simply be due to the limited number of species within the family. We reason that black-and-white colobines gain visually protective coloration through background matching against felids, and also benefit through disruptive coloration against felids and chimpanzees but rely on these protective coloration mechanisms less against raptors.

Significance statement

Conspicuous black-and-white coloration in colobus monkeys has long eluded an evolutionary explanation. Our research, employing photographs of colobus monkeys, image analysis, and vision modelling, unveils a novel approach to this coloration. We show that in their natural forest habitats, black-and-white colobus monkeys employ distance-dependent camouflage against ecologically relevant predators with low visual acuity, blending in with the background at increasing viewing distances. In summary, the evolution of black-and-white colobus coloration appears to be related to background matching against felids, with added benefits of disruptive camouflage against felids and chimpanzees, less so to raptors, offering fresh insights into the complex interplay of coloration and survival strategies in mammals.

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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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