Preparing Permanent Joints of Titanium Alloys with Steel (A Review)

Welding processes of titanium alloys with steels are analyzed. The following research directions are distinguished: the use of prefabricated bimetallic transition elements (welded by traditional methods); minimization of energy and heat expenditure in the weld area of metals; the use of methods of welding metallurgical engineering. The advances in welding technology have led to innovative solutions such as friction welding with stirring, as well as the use of liquid-phase layers and 3D printing of nanostructured layers at the edges to accelerate diffusion processes in diffusion welding. The new methods in welding metallurgical engineering increase the efficiency of Ti–Fe compounds due to the use of multilayer compositions of tantalum or niobium from the side of titanium and bronze – from the side of steel, and also vanadium inserts and its alloys, for example, alloyed with tungsten or chromium. The urgency of further development of standards for support and dissemination of industrial technologies for welding of Ti–Fe joints, training and preparation of technical personnel for the implementation of these technologies is noted.