可疑交易自动监测的法律影响:加强人工智能的完整性

IF 1.3 Q3 BUSINESS, FINANCE
Umut Turksen, Vladlena Benson, Bogdan Adamyk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人工智能(AI)和机器学习(ML)等技术的快速发展不断为银行和其他金融机构创造新的机遇。本研究揭示了阻碍审慎银行监管者(遵守法规)信任人工智能的障碍。我们对采用可解释性技术的驱动因素进行了定性研究,这些技术可提高复杂算法的透明度和理解度(拟议的欧盟人工智能法案中的一些基本法律原则)。通过采用以人为本和设计伦理的方法,以及对东欧私营和公共银行的主要利益相关者和 IT AI/ML 开发人员进行访谈,这项研究确定了与人工智能算法的应用有关的主要挑战。研究结果表明,人们对人工智能障碍的看法相互矛盾,同时也揭示了人工智能/人工智能系统在银行中的重要性,银行越来越愿意更广泛地使用此类系统,以及实施人工智能/人工智能系统在成本和经济效益方面存在的问题。要满足复杂的监管要求,银行和金融公司需要付出巨大的成本。之所以选择乌克兰、爱沙尼亚和波兰的利益相关者作为实证研究的重点,是因为在与俄罗斯的战争和随之而来的制裁制度背景下,该司法管辖区采用人工智能/ML 模型的情况急剧增加。虽然每家受调查银行的人工智能/ML "跨越式 "发展都有其自身的驱动因素和挑战,但这些见解为其他欧洲司法管辖区的银行提供了借鉴。对四起针对顶级银行的刑事案件的分析和研究结论表明,洗钱上游犯罪的增加、不断演变的制裁制度以及针对银行的强化审查和执法行动,都阻碍了技术创新和使用人工智能驱动的合规工具的法律影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Legal implications of automated suspicious transaction monitoring: enhancing integrity of AI

Legal implications of automated suspicious transaction monitoring: enhancing integrity of AI

The fast-paced advances of technology, including artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), continue to create new opportunities for banks and other financial institutions. This study reveals the barriers to trust in AI by prudential banking supervisors (compliance with regulations). We conducted a qualitative study on the drivers for adoption of explainability technologies that increase transparency and understanding of complex algorithms (some of the underpinning legal principles in the proposed EU AI Act). By using human-centred and ethics-by-design methods coupled with interviews of the key stakeholders from Eastern European private and public banks and IT AI/ML developers, this research has identified the key challenges concerning the employment of AI algorithms. The results indicate a conflicting view of AI barriers whilst revealing the importance of AI/ML systems in banks, the growing willingness of banks to use such systems more widely, and the problematic aspects of implementing AI/ML systems related to their cost and economic efficiency. Keeping up with the complex regulation requirements comes at a significant cost to banks and financial firms. The focus of the empirical study, stakeholders in Ukraine, Estonia and Poland, was chosen because of the fact that there has been a sharp increase in the adoption of AI/ML models in this jurisdiction in the context of its war with Russia and the ensuing sanctions regime. While the “leapfrogging” AI/ML paths in each bank surveyed had its own drivers and challenges, these insights provide lessons for banks in other European jurisdictions. The analysis of four criminal cases brought against top banks and conclusions of the study indicate that the increase in predicate crimes for money laundering, constantly evolving sanctions regime along with the enhanced scrutiny and enforcement action against banks are hindering technology innovation and legal implications of using AI driven tools for compliance.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
6.20%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Under the guidance of its highly respected Editors and an eminent and truly international Editorial Board?Journal of Banking Regulation?has established itself as one of the leading sources of authoritative and detailed information on all aspects of law and regulation affecting banking institutions.Journal of Banking Regulation?publishes in each quarterly issue detailed briefings analyses and updates which are of direct relevance to practitioners working in the field while meeting the highest intellectual standards.Journal of Banking Regulation?publishes the latest thinking and best practice on:Basel I II and IIIModels for banking supervisionInternational accounting standardsDeposit protectionEnforcement decisions in banking regulation and supervisionCross-border competition in banking servicesCorporate governance in banksHarmonisation in banking marketsSupervising credit riskAnti-money laundering legislation and regulationsMonetary integrationRisk capital and capital adequacySystemic risk in banking operationsCross-border regulationCross-border bank insolvencyModels for banking riskEssential reading for:central bankersbanking supervisorsfinancial regulatorsbankerscompliance officersheads of risk managementpolicy makersbank associationslawyers specialising in banking lawaccountantsinternal and external bank auditorsacademics and researchers
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