合成 Gd2O3/CdS 纳米复合材料,用于在可见光照射下光催化消除甲基蓝 (MB) 染料

IF 2.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Dalia Abdrabou, Mohamed Khalaf Ahmed, Sherif A. Khairy, Tharwat Mahmoud El-Sherbini
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The average crystal size according to Modified Scherrer’s formula was 6.04–10.46 nm for pristine CdS and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. While the micro-strain (ɛ) corresponds to 3.88, 4.63, 4.03, and 4.15 for CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO. It was also shown that the modest difference in average crystal size acquired by the Modified Scherrer and Halder–Wagner (HW) forms was related to differences in average particle size classification. As a result, the Halder–Wagner method was accurate in estimating crystallite size for the compositions. The average roughness is slightly changed from 4.4 to 4.24 nm for CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO, respectively. A kinetics investigation further revealed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dyes was accompanied by a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order reaction rate. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

有害染料对水的污染是人类面临的一个严重环境问题。解决这一问题的绿色技术是在可见光下使用高效光催化剂来降解这些有机分子。在半导体材料中添加复合材料并改变其形状和尺寸,是提高这些合成物功效的尝试。通过 XRD、XPS、SEM 和 TEM 等多种表征程序研究了这些组合物的光学、微观结构和光催化特性。在此,我们采用了修正舍勒方程、威廉森-霍尔法(W-H)和哈尔德-瓦格纳法(H-W),通过 XRD 峰展宽分析来研究晶体尺寸和微应变。根据改良舍勒公式,原始 CdS 和 CdS/Gd2O3@GO 的平均晶体尺寸分别为 6.04-10.46 nm。而 CdS、Gd2O3、CdS/Gd2O3 和 CdS/Gd2O3@GO 的微应变(ɛ)分别为 3.88、4.63、4.03 和 4.15。研究还表明,改良舍勒和哈尔德-瓦格纳(HW)形式获得的平均晶体尺寸的微小差异与平均粒度分类的差异有关。因此,Halder-Wagner 方法可以准确地估算出这些成分的晶体尺寸。CdS/Gd2O3 和 CdS/Gd2O3@GO 的平均粗糙度分别从 4.4 纳米到 4.24 纳米略有变化。动力学研究进一步表明,甲基溴染料的光催化降解伴随着朗缪尔等温线和假二阶反应速率。经测定,(类型 1)CdS、Gd2O3、CdS/Gd2O3 和 CdS/Gd2O3@GO 的最高吸附容量(qe)分别为 5、0.067、0.027 和 0.012 mgg-1。CdS、Gd2O3、CdS/Gd2O3 和 CdS/ Gd2O3@GO 的假二阶(2 型)R2 值分别为 0.904、0.928、0.825 和 0.977。因此,类型 1 和类型 2 的初始吸附率(h)发生了变化。在类型 2 中,伪二阶速率常数(k2)从 CdS 的 0.005 到 CdS/Gd2O3@GO 的 0.011 不等。Langmuir Hinshelwood 和伪秒阶动力学模型描述了光降解过程。结果表明,所开发的组合物可用作去除染料的长期物质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Gd2O3/CdS Nanocomposites were Synthesized for Photocatalytic Elimination of Methyl Blue (MB) Dye Under Visible Light Irradiation

Gd2O3/CdS Nanocomposites were Synthesized for Photocatalytic Elimination of Methyl Blue (MB) Dye Under Visible Light Irradiation

Water contamination with hazardous dyes is a serious environmental issue that concerns humanity. A green technology to resolve this issue is the use of highly efficient photocatalysts under visible light to degrade these organic molecules. Adding composite and modifying shape and size on semiconductor materials are attempts to improve the efficacy of these compositions. The optical, microstructural and photocatalytic features of the compositions were investigated by several characterization procedures such as XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM. Here, modifies Scherrer equation, Williamson–Hall (W–H), and Halder–Wagner method (H–W) have been used to investigate the crystal size and the micro-strain from the XRD peak broadening analysis. The average crystal size according to Modified Scherrer’s formula was 6.04–10.46 nm for pristine CdS and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. While the micro-strain (ɛ) corresponds to 3.88, 4.63, 4.03, and 4.15 for CdS, Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3, and CdS/Gd2O3@GO. It was also shown that the modest difference in average crystal size acquired by the Modified Scherrer and Halder–Wagner (HW) forms was related to differences in average particle size classification. As a result, the Halder–Wagner method was accurate in estimating crystallite size for the compositions. The average roughness is slightly changed from 4.4 to 4.24 nm for CdS/Gd2O3 and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. A kinetics investigation further revealed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dyes was accompanied by a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order reaction rate. The highest adsorption capacity (qe) determined for (type 1) CdS, Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3, and CdS/Gd2O3@GO adsorption was 5, 0.067, 0.027, and 0.012 mgg−1, respectively. The R2 values originated from the pseudo-second-order (type 2) for CdS, Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3, and CdS/ Gd2O3@GO were 0.904, 0,928, 0.825, and 0.977. As a result, the initial sorption rate (h) is altered between types 1 and 2. In type 2, the pseudo-second-order rate constant (k2) ranges from 0.005 for CdS to 0.011 for CdS/Gd2O3@GO. The Langmuir Hinshelwood and pseudo-second-order kinetic models describe the photodegradation process. The results demonstrate that the developed compositions can be used as a long-term substance for dye removal.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
104
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.
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