Dalia Abdrabou, Mohamed Khalaf Ahmed, Sherif A. Khairy, Tharwat Mahmoud El-Sherbini
{"title":"合成 Gd2O3/CdS 纳米复合材料,用于在可见光照射下光催化消除甲基蓝 (MB) 染料","authors":"Dalia Abdrabou, Mohamed Khalaf Ahmed, Sherif A. Khairy, Tharwat Mahmoud El-Sherbini","doi":"10.1007/s41742-023-00563-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water contamination with hazardous dyes is a serious environmental issue that concerns humanity. A green technology to resolve this issue is the use of highly efficient photocatalysts under visible light to degrade these organic molecules. Adding composite and modifying shape and size on semiconductor materials are attempts to improve the efficacy of these compositions. The optical, microstructural and photocatalytic features of the compositions were investigated by several characterization procedures such as XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM. Here, modifies Scherrer equation, Williamson–Hall (W–H), and Halder–Wagner method (H–W) have been used to investigate the crystal size and the micro-strain from the XRD peak broadening analysis. The average crystal size according to Modified Scherrer’s formula was 6.04–10.46 nm for pristine CdS and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. While the micro-strain (ɛ) corresponds to 3.88, 4.63, 4.03, and 4.15 for CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO. It was also shown that the modest difference in average crystal size acquired by the Modified Scherrer and Halder–Wagner (HW) forms was related to differences in average particle size classification. As a result, the Halder–Wagner method was accurate in estimating crystallite size for the compositions. The average roughness is slightly changed from 4.4 to 4.24 nm for CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO, respectively. A kinetics investigation further revealed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dyes was accompanied by a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order reaction rate. The highest adsorption capacity (qe) determined for (type 1) CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO adsorption was 5, 0.067, 0.027, and 0.012 mgg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The R<sup>2</sup> values originated from the pseudo-second-order (type 2) for CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/ Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO were 0.904, 0,928, 0.825, and 0.977. As a result, the initial sorption rate (h) is altered between types 1 and 2. In type 2, the pseudo-second-order rate constant (k2) ranges from 0.005 for CdS to 0.011 for CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO. The Langmuir Hinshelwood and pseudo-second-order kinetic models describe the photodegradation process. The results demonstrate that the developed compositions can be used as a long-term substance for dye removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Gd2O3/CdS Nanocomposites were Synthesized for Photocatalytic Elimination of Methyl Blue (MB) Dye Under Visible Light Irradiation\",\"authors\":\"Dalia Abdrabou, Mohamed Khalaf Ahmed, Sherif A. Khairy, Tharwat Mahmoud El-Sherbini\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s41742-023-00563-5\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Water contamination with hazardous dyes is a serious environmental issue that concerns humanity. A green technology to resolve this issue is the use of highly efficient photocatalysts under visible light to degrade these organic molecules. Adding composite and modifying shape and size on semiconductor materials are attempts to improve the efficacy of these compositions. The optical, microstructural and photocatalytic features of the compositions were investigated by several characterization procedures such as XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM. Here, modifies Scherrer equation, Williamson–Hall (W–H), and Halder–Wagner method (H–W) have been used to investigate the crystal size and the micro-strain from the XRD peak broadening analysis. The average crystal size according to Modified Scherrer’s formula was 6.04–10.46 nm for pristine CdS and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. While the micro-strain (ɛ) corresponds to 3.88, 4.63, 4.03, and 4.15 for CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO. It was also shown that the modest difference in average crystal size acquired by the Modified Scherrer and Halder–Wagner (HW) forms was related to differences in average particle size classification. As a result, the Halder–Wagner method was accurate in estimating crystallite size for the compositions. The average roughness is slightly changed from 4.4 to 4.24 nm for CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO, respectively. A kinetics investigation further revealed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dyes was accompanied by a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order reaction rate. The highest adsorption capacity (qe) determined for (type 1) CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO adsorption was 5, 0.067, 0.027, and 0.012 mgg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The R<sup>2</sup> values originated from the pseudo-second-order (type 2) for CdS, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CdS/ Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO were 0.904, 0,928, 0.825, and 0.977. As a result, the initial sorption rate (h) is altered between types 1 and 2. In type 2, the pseudo-second-order rate constant (k2) ranges from 0.005 for CdS to 0.011 for CdS/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@GO. The Langmuir Hinshelwood and pseudo-second-order kinetic models describe the photodegradation process. The results demonstrate that the developed compositions can be used as a long-term substance for dye removal.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14121,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research\",\"volume\":\"18 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-023-00563-5\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-023-00563-5","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Gd2O3/CdS Nanocomposites were Synthesized for Photocatalytic Elimination of Methyl Blue (MB) Dye Under Visible Light Irradiation
Water contamination with hazardous dyes is a serious environmental issue that concerns humanity. A green technology to resolve this issue is the use of highly efficient photocatalysts under visible light to degrade these organic molecules. Adding composite and modifying shape and size on semiconductor materials are attempts to improve the efficacy of these compositions. The optical, microstructural and photocatalytic features of the compositions were investigated by several characterization procedures such as XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM. Here, modifies Scherrer equation, Williamson–Hall (W–H), and Halder–Wagner method (H–W) have been used to investigate the crystal size and the micro-strain from the XRD peak broadening analysis. The average crystal size according to Modified Scherrer’s formula was 6.04–10.46 nm for pristine CdS and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. While the micro-strain (ɛ) corresponds to 3.88, 4.63, 4.03, and 4.15 for CdS, Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3, and CdS/Gd2O3@GO. It was also shown that the modest difference in average crystal size acquired by the Modified Scherrer and Halder–Wagner (HW) forms was related to differences in average particle size classification. As a result, the Halder–Wagner method was accurate in estimating crystallite size for the compositions. The average roughness is slightly changed from 4.4 to 4.24 nm for CdS/Gd2O3 and CdS/Gd2O3@GO, respectively. A kinetics investigation further revealed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dyes was accompanied by a Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order reaction rate. The highest adsorption capacity (qe) determined for (type 1) CdS, Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3, and CdS/Gd2O3@GO adsorption was 5, 0.067, 0.027, and 0.012 mgg−1, respectively. The R2 values originated from the pseudo-second-order (type 2) for CdS, Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3, and CdS/ Gd2O3@GO were 0.904, 0,928, 0.825, and 0.977. As a result, the initial sorption rate (h) is altered between types 1 and 2. In type 2, the pseudo-second-order rate constant (k2) ranges from 0.005 for CdS to 0.011 for CdS/Gd2O3@GO. The Langmuir Hinshelwood and pseudo-second-order kinetic models describe the photodegradation process. The results demonstrate that the developed compositions can be used as a long-term substance for dye removal.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.