为什么各国的公路死亡率差距如此之大?

Q1 Engineering
Tianze Xu , Binghua Wu , Yuhan Mao , Lunrui Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

按每万辆登记车辆计算,各国的道路死亡率差异很大,刚果高达 81.56,而挪威则低至 0.34。为了找出背后的原因,我们对联合国会员国采取的 15 项干预措施进行了图形和统计比较。通过布朗-福尔赛方差分析法对各项干预措施的平均值进行了比较。研究发现并证实,在以下方面,更严格的法律及其执行会降低道路死亡率:酒精浓度限制、城市道路、农村道路和高速公路的限速、头盔法、安全带法、儿童约束法、车辆标准、新道路基础设施项目的审计或星级评定、现有道路基础设施项目的检查/星级评定、行人和骑自行车者的安全设计标准、升级高风险地点的投资、政策&;城市公共交通投资、促进步行和骑自行车的政策、急诊医学和创伤外科。如果所有国家的道路死亡率都能低至挪威的 0.34,那么全球道路死亡总人数将达到 67 205 人,相当于目前死亡人数的 5%。因此,低死亡率国家采取的干预措施应推广到其他公路死亡率高的国家,以减少全球公路死亡总数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Why is the difference so large in road death rates among countries

There is big difference in road death rates among countries from as high as 81.56 in Congo to as low as 0.34 in Norway in terms of per 10 thousand vehicles registered. To find the reason behind this, we compared both graphically and statistically 15 interventions adopted by UN member countries. Comparison of the means of each intervention through Brown-Forsythe Variance Analysis was done. The study found and confirmed that stricter law and its enforcement in the following aspects associate lower road death rate: BAC restriction, speed limits on urban roads, rural roads and motorways, helmet law, seat-belt law, child restraint law, vehicle standard, audits or star rating of new road infrastructure projects, inspections/star ratings of existing road infrastructure projects, design standards for the safety of pedestrians and cyclists, investments to upgrade high risk locations, policies & investment in urban public transport, policies promoting walking and cycling, emergency medicine and trauma surgery. If all countries have road death rate as low as Norway's 0.34, the total global road fatality will be 67,205—or 5 % of the current fatality. Thus it is advisable that interventions adopted by countries with low death rates should be popularized to other countries with high road death rates so as to cut down global total number of road deaths.

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来源期刊
Transportation Engineering
Transportation Engineering Engineering-Automotive Engineering
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
90 days
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