生态系统服务付费为新出现的基于自然的解决方案提供了机遇:整合澳大利亚土著观点

IF 6.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Kamaljit K Sangha , Ronju Ahammad , Jeremy Russell-Smith , Robert Costanza
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近,人们对基于自然的解决方案 (NbS) 的兴趣和潜在投资日益增长,因此,从地方、区域和全球层面了解何种机制或安排可有效实现所需的生物多样性和气候变化成果至关重要。本文介绍了澳大利亚生态系统服务补偿 (PES) 安排的现状和机遇,重点关注澳大利亚北部的土著居民。我们审查了 62 项与全球和澳大利亚国内主要生态系统服务补偿方案的分布和范围有关的研究,包括不同的生态系统(如森林、水、热带草原等)、空间范围(如地方、区域或全球)、生态系统服务 (ES) 交易中使用的支付方法类型、生态系统服务提供者和受益者类型、资助者、使用者以及合同安排和相关挑战。在全球范围内,54% 的研究得到了政府投资的支持,17% 得到了私人-公共投资的支持,只有 29% 得到了私人投资的支持。80% 的研究将森林作为生态系统服务补偿最常见的生态系统,其中 61% 的生态系统服务补偿安排在地方范围内实施,16% 在集水区范围内实施,其余(23%)在全国范围内实施。在 33% 的研究中,单一生态系统服务是该系统的重点,即水质或碳封存;在 37% 的研究中,采用了捆绑方法,通常将 1-2 种服务捆绑在一起;在另外 7% 的研究中,包括了多种生态系统服务。在澳大利亚,有六项主要计划被认为是生态系统服务补偿,即保护协议、墨累达令盆地的水交易(回购)、珊瑚礁信用额度、碳耕作、昆士兰土地恢复基金以及土著保护区和土著土地上的 "关爱乡村 "计划。这些计划中约有 90% 由澳大利亚政府资助,重点关注碳或生物多样性成果,很少考虑土著价值。从土著人的角度来看,最好采用自下而上的生态系统服务补偿方法,将土著人的社会和文化愿望纳入其中。交易成本较低的传统管理,结合社会经济和环境属性作为可验证的措施,可以为澳大利亚和其他地方的土著社区带来保护和积极的社会经济成果。增强当地社区的能力,承认并支持他们的技能和知识,确保公平公正地分配资金,以及共同设计可持续和可靠的激励措施,对于这些快速崛起的机遇取得成功至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Payments for Ecosystem Services opportunities for emerging Nature-based Solutions: Integrating Indigenous perspectives from Australia

With recent growing interest and potential investment in nature-based solutions (NbS), a local, regional and global level understanding of what kinds of mechanisms or arrangements work effectively to deliver the required biodiversity and climate change outcomes is essential. This paper presents the status and opportunities for Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) arrangements in Australia, with a focus on Indigenous peoples in northern Australia. We reviewed 62 studies related to the distribution and extent of the predominant PES schemes globally and nationally in Australia, including different ecosystems (e.g. forest, water, savannas, etc.), spatial scale (e.g. local, regional or global), types of payment methods used for ecosystem services (ES) transactions, types of ES providers and beneficiaries, funders, users, and contract arrangements and related challenges. Globally, 54% of the studies were supported by government investment, 17% by private–public, and only 29% by private investment. 80% of studies focused on forests as the most common ecosystem for PES, with 61% of the PES arrangements implemented at a local scale, 16% at a catchment scale and the rest (23%) at a national scale. In 33% of the studies, a single ES is the focus for the system, i.e. water quality or carbon sequestration; in 37% of studies a bundled approach was followed where typically > 1–2 services are included as a bundle; and in another 7% stacked ES were included. Within Australia, six main schemes were considered to be PES, i.e. Conservation Agreements, Water trading (buyback) in the Murray Darling Basin, Reef Credits, Carbon Farming, the Queensland Land Restoration Fund, and the Indigenous Protected Areas and Caring for Country programmes on Indigenous lands. About 90% these programmes are funded by the Australian Government, focusing on carbon or biodiversity outcomes, with little consideration of Indigenous values. From an Indigenous perspective, a bottom-up PES approach incorporating the social and cultural aspirations of Indigenous people is preferred. Traditional management with low transaction costs, combining both socio-economic and environmental attributes as verifiable measures, can yield conservation as well as positive socio-economic outcomes for Indigenous communities in Australia and elsewhere. Empowering local communities, recognising and supporting their skills and knowledge, ensuring equitable and just distribution of funds, sustainable and reliable co-designed incentives are essential for the success of these fast-emerging opportunities.

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来源期刊
Ecosystem Services
Ecosystem Services ECOLOGYENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES&-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
14.90
自引率
7.90%
发文量
109
期刊介绍: Ecosystem Services is an international, interdisciplinary journal that is associated with the Ecosystem Services Partnership (ESP). The journal is dedicated to exploring the science, policy, and practice related to ecosystem services, which are the various ways in which ecosystems contribute to human well-being, both directly and indirectly. Ecosystem Services contributes to the broader goal of ensuring that the benefits of ecosystems are recognized, valued, and sustainably managed for the well-being of current and future generations. The journal serves as a platform for scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders to share their findings and insights, fostering collaboration and innovation in the field of ecosystem services.
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