Skyrmion Lattices Phase Driven by Interfacial-Engineered Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction in Frustrated Antiferromagnetic/Ferroelectric Bilayers

Abstract

The spin Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the frustrated triangular lattice is known to feature various zero-field ground-state phases, consisting of skyrmion lattice phase and the multiple spin spiral ground states as well as a spiral spin state. Using steepest-descent method we investigate the properties of this system and the related ferroelectric lattice in the presence of a finite magnetoelectric coupling, addressing both the ground-state phase diagram. In addition to the zero-field ground states, we find at moderate values magnetoelectric coupling a skyrmion lattice phase. We show that magnetic frustration induces the creation and emergence of a skyrmion lattice at moderate values of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and interface magnetoelectric coupling with adjacent ferroelectric layer. At intermediate Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, we identify that the skyrmion lattice states are stabilized by a spin anisotropy.