G. H. Urbancic, I. Stiperski, A. A. M. Holtslag, S. Mosso, T. Vihma
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引用次数: 0
摘要
莫宁-奥布霍夫相似理论(MOST)是边界层气象学的基石,也是大多数大气表层参数化的基础。鉴于其对观测和建模的重要意义,我们对 MOST 的维度分析进行了概括,直接考虑了体梯度,从而能够对大气表层的任何子层进行研究。这就产生了描述从局部梯度到全层体梯度的所有梯度的相似性关系系列。通过应用壁面定律和 MOST 得出的剖面图,我们能够推导出这一系列相似性关系的解析表达式。在稳定条件下,我们发现布辛格-戴尔的对数线性剖面可以从局部剪切力推广到整体剪切力,其中斜率取决于层的选择。一般对数线性关系的简单性使得我们可以估计稳定性对非维梯度的影响。结果表明,整体梯度对稳定性的敏感性低于局部梯度。通过正确过滤全层体梯度受稳定性影响的情况,我们证明了 MOST 与曲棍球棒转换是兼容的。对于不稳定条件,Kader 和 Yaglom(J Fluid Mech 212(151):637-662,1990 年)模型能很好地表示局部梯度,但不能成功地表示整体梯度,这表明需要进一步分析不稳定大气表层的比例关系。
A Novel Similarity Approach for Describing the Bulk Shear in the Atmospheric Surface Layer
The Monin–Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) is a cornerstone of boundary layer meteorology and the basis of most parameterizations of the atmospheric surface layer. Due to its significance for observations and modelling, we generalize the dimensional analysis of MOST by considering the bulk gradient directly, enabling the study of any sublayer of the atmospheric surface layer. This results in a family of similarity relations describing all gradients from the local gradient to the full-layer bulk gradient. By applying the profiles derived from the law-of-the-wall and MOST, we are able to derive analytic expressions for this family of similarity relations. Under stable conditions, we discover that the log-linear profile of Businger–Dyer generalizes from the local to the bulk shear where the slope is dependent on the choice of the layer. The simplicity of the general log-linear relation allows for estimating the influence of stability on the non-dimensional gradients. It is shown that bulk gradients are less sensitive to stability than the local gradient. By correctly filtering cases where the full-layer bulk gradient is influenced by stability, we demonstrate that MOST is compatible with the Hockey-Stick Transition. For unstable conditions, the Kader and Yaglom (J Fluid Mech 212(151):637-662, 1990) model represents the local gradient well but was not successful in representing the bulk gradient, demonstrating the need for further analysis of scaling relations for the unstable atmospheric surface layer.
期刊介绍:
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