Péter Szálteleki, Gabriella Bánhegyi, Zsuzsanna Bacsi
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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文对 2014 年至 2021 年欧盟对匈牙利南部大平原地区农场的补贴效率进行了实证分析。分析的目的是探讨补贴是否提高了农场的抗风险能力,增强了农场的盈利能力、流动性和偿付能力,以及以农场绩效的常规财务指标衡量的经济效益。分析还评估了农场企业创造和保留工作岗位的能力,即在农村环境中增加就业的能力,重点关注补贴农场和非补贴农场之间的差异。研究分析了选定地区的所有农业公司。研究方法是采用非参数统计分析(Kruskal-Wallis 检验、Dunnett's T3 检验),以确定 8 年期间补贴农场和非补贴农场之间的显著差异。结果表明,只有在微型规模类别中,补贴明显改善了受补贴农场的财务稳定性、抗风险能力和效率,受补贴农场的就业指标比非补贴农场恶化得更严重。因此,补贴的预期目的并没有完全实现,只有在微型企业中才有明显的积极影响。这可能意味着补贴促进了无法生存的企业的生存,而不是提高其竞争力。
The Impacts of CAP Subsidies on the Financial Risk and Resilience of Hungarian Farms, 2014–2021
The present paper empirically analyzes the efficiency of European Union (EU) subsidies for farms in the Southern Great Plain region of Hungary between 2014 and 2021. The aim of this analysis was to explore whether the subsidies increased the resilience of farms, enhancing their profitability, liquidity and solvency, and economic efficiency, measured by the usual financial indicators of farm performance. The analysis also evaluated the ability of farm businesses to create and retain jobs, i.e., to increase employment in the rural environment, focusing on differences between the subsidized and non-subsidized farms. The research analyzed all agricultural companies of the selected region. The methodology was a non-parametric statistical analysis (Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunnett’s T3 test) for identifying significant differences between subsidized and non-subsidized farms in the 8-year period. Results show that subsidies significantly improved the financial stability, resilience and efficiency of subsidized farms only in the micro size category, and the employment indicators deteriorated more in subsidized farms than in non-subsidized ones. Thus, the intended purpose of the subsidies was not entirely realized, and positive impacts were noticeable only in the micro enterprises. This might imply that subsidies contributed to the survival of non-viable enterprises instead of enhancing their competitiveness.