通过在天然草地上套种豆科植物实现土地利用集约化:对植物多样性的影响

IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
F. Lezama , D. Cáceres , P. Pañella , A. del Pino
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土地利用的集约化威胁着全球草地的生物多样性保护。集约化的一个例子是在天然草地上套种豆科植物并施用磷肥,这是一种旨在提高牧草产量和质量的管理方法。一些研究表明,这种做法至少在短期内增加了牧草的产量,但对多样性的影响却知之甚少。我们分析了在乌拉圭天然草地上套种莲花 "El Rincón "并施用磷肥对植物多样性和组成的影响。我们使用的植物学数据来自 29 个强化与天然配对围场,这些围场分布在两个具有不同植物群落的不同地区。此外,我们还使用了一套土地使用集约化指标,以探讨集约化对植物组成和多样性影响的关系。总体而言,豆科植物套播和施肥对物种丰富度(总丰富度、本地丰富度和外来丰富度)和贝塔多样性的影响取决于群落类型。我们的数据表明,随着施肥强度的增加,鹅掌楸-鹅掌楸群落的本地物种减少,总丰富度下降了 15.3%。反过来,外来物种丰富了 Steinchisma hians-Piptochaetium stipoides 群落。它增加了 96.4%,但并未影响物种总丰富度。Beta 多样性仅在 S. hians-P. stipoides 群落中显示出与强化相关的减少。我们的研究结果表明,无论是施肥量还是套种和施肥后的时间都与集约化的影响没有直接关系。这些发现突出表明,在评估群落对土地利用变化的反应时,考虑多样性的各个层面非常重要。我们的研究结果表明,即使是轻微的集约化也会影响坎波斯草原的植物多样性。通过简单的土地利用强度指标无法预测影响程度,这对预防和减轻这种技术的影响提出了挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Land-Use Intensification by Overseeding Legumes on Natural Grasslands: Impacts on Plant Diversity

Land-use intensification threatens biodiversity conservation of grasslands worldwide. One example of intensification is overseeding legumes in natural grasslands coupled with phosphorus fertilization, a management practice oriented to increase forage production and quality. Several studies show increases in forage due to this practice, at least in the short term, but less is known about impacts on diversity. We analyzed the effects of overseeding Lotus suaveolens cv. “El Rincón” coupled with phosphorus fertilization on plant diversity and composition of natural grasslands of Uruguay. We used floristic data from 29 intensified versus natural paired paddocks from a geographical wide net of observations distributed across two separated areas with distinct plant communities. Besides, a set of land-use intensification indicators were used to explore its relationship with intensification impact on plant composition and diversity. Overall, the effects of overseeding with legumes and fertilization on species richness (total, native and exotic richness) and beta diversity depended on community type. Our data evidenced that the Eryngium horridum−Juncus capillaceus community lost native species with intensification, affecting total richness that showed a 15.3% decrease. The Steinchisma hians−Piptochaetium stipoides community, in turn, was enriched by exotic species. It increased 96.4% but without affecting total species richness. Beta diversity, for its part, showed a reduction associated with intensification only in the S. hians-P. stipoides community. Our results show that neither amount of applied fertilizer nor time since overseeding and fertilizing were directly related to intensification impacts. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for various dimensions of diversity to assess community responses to land use changes. Our results point out that even slight intensification affects plant diversity of Campos Grasslands. The lack of predictability of impact magnitude by simple land-use intensity indicators challenges prevention and mitigation of this technology.

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来源期刊
Rangeland Ecology & Management
Rangeland Ecology & Management 农林科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
13.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Rangeland Ecology & Management publishes all topics-including ecology, management, socioeconomic and policy-pertaining to global rangelands. The journal''s mission is to inform academics, ecosystem managers and policy makers of science-based information to promote sound rangeland stewardship. Author submissions are published in five manuscript categories: original research papers, high-profile forum topics, concept syntheses, as well as research and technical notes. Rangelands represent approximately 50% of the Earth''s land area and provision multiple ecosystem services for large human populations. This expansive and diverse land area functions as coupled human-ecological systems. Knowledge of both social and biophysical system components and their interactions represent the foundation for informed rangeland stewardship. Rangeland Ecology & Management uniquely integrates information from multiple system components to address current and pending challenges confronting global rangelands.
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