Relationship between four insulin resistance surrogates and left ventricular hypertrophy among hypertensive adults: a case-control study

Background: Hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is intricately linked to insulin resistance (IR). This research aimed to elucidate the relationship of advanced indices, namely the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, the TyG adjusted for body mass index (TyG-BMI), the triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c), and the metabolic score for IR (METS-IR), with LVH in hypertensive cohorts.

Methods: This analytical case-control investigation encompassed 800 individuals aged 18 or above from the Cardiology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College over a span from January 2021 to April 2022. Data extraction was conducted from inpatient records. The nexus between the four metrics and LVH susceptibility was ascertained via logistic regression models. Furthermore, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve’s area (AUC) shed light on the discriminative capacities of the distinct IR indicators for LVH, considering other concomitant risk variables.

Results: Post multifaceted covariate adjustments, the fourth quartile figures for TyG-BMI emerged as the most starkly significant (OR: 5.211, 95% CI:2.861–9.492), succeeded by METS-IR (OR:4.877, 95% CI:2.693–8.835). In juxtaposition with other IR-derived indices (TyG and TG/HDL-c), TyG-BMI manifested the paramount AUC (AUC:0.657;95% CI:0.606–0.708). Concurrently, METS-IR exhibited commendable predictive efficacy for LVH (AUC:0.646;95% CI:0.595–0.697).

Conclusion: TyG-BMI and METS-IR displayed superior discriminative capabilities for LVH, underscoring their potential as supplementary indicators in gauging LVH peril in clinical settings and prospective epidemiological research.