Two-dimensional hypercoordinate chemistry: Challenges and prospects

Planar hypercoordinate compounds are fascinating but challenging to be realized. The difficulty in stabilizing and fabricating such compounds prevent us from in-deep understanding these compounds and exploring potential applications. Molecular-level insights on underlying mechanism for the formation of viable hypercoordinate compounds is the key towards the development of this field. This review aims to summarize recent advances in this direction. Regular polygons AL_CN (A and L are central and ligand atoms, CN is coordination number) are generally applicable models used to derive the unified mathematical relations between the radii of constitute atoms and the angles of regular polygons as exemplified by two typical examples Gr14L_CN and TMB_CN (Gr14 is Group 14 element, TM is transition metal, B is boron). Effective schemes and some useful rule of thumb are proposed towards the architecture of 2D hypercoordinate crystals AL_x (x is composition ratio). A set of design flow chart and several effective design strategies and principles are suggested for 2D-HyperMaters. Potential diverse applications of 2D-HyperMaters are discussed and summarized. Grand blueprint for planar hypercoordinate chemistry is drew. Finally, future prospects of 2D-HyperChem is outlooked.

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