考虑到火焰颗粒的形成速度,熄灭粉末颗粒对火焰颗粒的异质和同质抑制机制的有效性

A. I. Kitsak
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摘要

这项工作的意义在于,需要在研究中断连锁燃烧反应的物理化学过程规律,特别是粉末颗粒抑制活性火焰中心的异质和同质机制的基础上,改进使用灭火粉末灭火的技术。这项工作的目的是评估灭火粉末颗粒对活性火焰颗粒的异质和同质抑制的非稳态机制的有效性,同时考虑到它们的诞生速度,并比较每种机制对灭火结果的贡献。考虑到火焰中活性颗粒的诞生速度,对灭火粉末颗粒对活性火焰颗粒的异质和同质抑制机制进行了数学建模。从理论上得出了活性火焰颗粒的异质和同质抑制反应速率与粉末颗粒的分散特性、其在火焰区的停留时间以及抑制反应的特征持续时间之间的关系。可以确定,通过所考虑的机理对火焰活性颗粒进行有效恢复抑制的条件是,粉末颗粒与火焰活性颗粒的相互作用时间超过抑制过程的持续时间,以及火焰活性颗粒的抑制率超过其诞生率。火焰活性粒子的抑制率取决于熄灭粉末的粒度,即粉末粒度越小,抑制率越大。在火焰活性颗粒的异质抑制机制中,可以明确地观察到这种依赖性,而在同质抑制机制中,则可以通过参与该过程的熄灭粉末的金属氧化物自由基的热生成速率与粉末颗粒大小的依赖性来隐含地观察到这种依赖性。在实施火焰活性微粒的均相抑制机制时存在两个阶段(所用粉末物质的金属氧化物自由基的热生成和抑制过程本身),这使我们可以认为这种提取活性微粒的机制比异相还原机制更长,因此,它对灭火的化学过程没有显著贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The effectiveness of mechanisms of heterogeneous and homogeneous inhibition of flame particles taking by extinguishing powder particles, into account the rate of their formation
The relevance of the work is due to the need to improve the technology of extinguishing fire with extinguishing powders based on the study of the laws of the physicochemical processes of interrupting chain combustion reactions, in particular, heterogeneous and homogeneous mechanisms of inhibition of active flame centers by powder particles. The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of non-stationary mechanisms of heterogeneous and homogeneous inhibition of active flame particles by fire extinguishing powder particles taking into account the rate of their birth, as well as to compare the contributions of each of the mechanisms to the result of fire extinguishing. Mathematical modeling of the mechanisms of heterogeneous and homogeneous inhibition of active flame particles by fire extinguishing powder particles is carried out, taking into account the rate of birth of active particles of in flame. The theoretical dependences of the rates of reactions of heterogeneous and homogeneous inhibition of active flame particles on the dispersed characteristics of powder particles, their residence time in the zone of flame and the characteristic durations of inhibition reactions are obtained. It is established that the condition for the effective recovery inhibition of active particles of flame by the mechanisms under consideration is exceeding the time of interaction of powder particles with active flame particles over the duration of inhibition processes, as well as an excess of the rate of inhibition of active flame particles over the rate of their birth. The rate of inhibition of active particles of flame depends on the particle size of the extinguishing powder, namely, the smaller the particle size of the powder, the greater the rate of inhibition. This dependence is observed explicitly for the mechanism of heterogeneous inhibition of active particles of flame and implicitly for the mechanism of homogeneous inhibition through the dependence of the rate of thermal production of metal oxide radicals of the extinguishing powder involved in this process on the size of the powder particles. The presence of two stages in the implementation of the mechanism of homogeneous inhibition of active flame particles (thermal production of metal oxide radicals of the powder substances used and the inhibition process itself) allows us to consider this mechanism of extraction of active particles longer than the mechanism of heterogeneous reduction, and, therefore, it does not significantly contribute to the chemical process of extinguishing a fire.
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