蒂瓦共和国条件健康人群丙型肝炎病毒感染标志物流行率的动态变化

A. Saryglar, O. Isaeva, V. Kichatova, M. Lopatukhina, I. Potemkin, A. A. Кarlsen, L. Ilchenko, K. K. Kyuregyan, M. I. Mikhailov
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The dynamic changes in HCV prevalence were assessed based on a comparison of the results with data of the seroservey of the same design conducted in this region in 2008 in similar age cohorts of healthy volunteers (n=910).Results and discussion. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among general population of the Tyva Republic in 2019 was 2.0%. This indicator slightly decreased by 1.7 times over 10 years (3.3% in 2008, p =0.1629). The prevalence of active HCV infection in the Tyva Republic also decreased not significantly (1.1% in 2019 vs. 1.3% in 2008, p = 0.6901). The proportion of people with active infection among anti-HCV positives in 2019 was 56.5%.The decrease in the prevalence of HCV infection over 11 years was associated with a significant reduction in the detection rates of hepatitis C markers in age cohort 40-49 years (0.9% in 2019 vs. 3.6% in 2008 for HCV RNA, p<0.05, and 1.8% in 2019 vs. 9.1% in 2008 for anti-HCV, p<0.05, respectively). 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引用次数: 0

摘要

该研究旨在确定过去11年间蒂瓦共和国有条件健康人群中各年龄组丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染率的动态变化。对 2019 年从生活在蒂瓦共和国的健康志愿者中采集的 1163 份血清样本进行了 HCV 标记检测。研究对象包括 10 个年龄组:1 岁以下、1-4 岁、5-9 岁、10-14 岁、15-19 岁、20-29 岁、30-39 岁、40-49 岁、50-59 岁和 60 岁或以上。使用市售酶联免疫法检测抗-HCV 抗体。通过 RT-PCR 技术检测抗-HCV 阳性样本中的 HCV RNA。根据与 2008 年在该地区类似年龄组健康志愿者(人数=910)中进行的相同设计的血清调查数据的比较结果,对 HCV 感染率的动态变化进行了评估。2019年,蒂瓦共和国普通人群中抗HCV抗体的流行率为2.0%。这一指标在10年间略微下降了1.7倍(2008年为3.3%,P =0.1629)。蒂瓦共和国活动性 HCV 感染率也没有明显下降(2019 年为 1.1%,2008 年为 1.3%,p = 0.6901)。2019年抗-HCV阳性者中活动性感染者的比例为56.5%。11年来,HCV感染率的下降与40-49岁年龄组丙型肝炎标志物检出率的显著降低有关(HCV RNA检出率2019年为0.9%,2008年为3.6%,p<0.05;抗-HCV检出率2019年为1.8%,2008年为9.1%,p<0.05)。在60岁及以上的参与者中,抗-HCV和HCV RNA的检出率最高(2019年分别为8.0%和7.0%,2008年分别为11.0%和6.3%),2008年和2019年的检出率均显著超过其他年龄组(<0.05)。在过去11年中,蒂瓦共和国普通人群中的丙型肝炎病毒感染率有所下降,这主要是由于40-49岁人群中未发现的感染病例比例有所下降。与此同时,60 岁及以上人群中未发现的 HCV 感染病例比例仍然居高不下,这显然是由于该年龄段人群的筛查覆盖率不足。应将这一与年龄相关的风险人群纳入 HCV 筛查计划,使其从中受益。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dynamic changes in the prevalence of markers of hepatitis C virus infection among the conditionally healthy population of the Tyva Republic
The aim is to determine the dynamic changes in the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among various age groups of the conditionally healthy population of the Tyva Republic over the past 11 years.Material and methods. 1163 serum samples collected in 2019 from the healthy volunteers living in the Tyva Republic of were tested for HCV markers. The study included people of 10 age cohorts: less than 1 year, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 years, and 60 years or older. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected using commercially available enzyme immunoassay. HCV RNA was detected in anti-HCV positive samples by means of RT-PCR. The dynamic changes in HCV prevalence were assessed based on a comparison of the results with data of the seroservey of the same design conducted in this region in 2008 in similar age cohorts of healthy volunteers (n=910).Results and discussion. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among general population of the Tyva Republic in 2019 was 2.0%. This indicator slightly decreased by 1.7 times over 10 years (3.3% in 2008, p =0.1629). The prevalence of active HCV infection in the Tyva Republic also decreased not significantly (1.1% in 2019 vs. 1.3% in 2008, p = 0.6901). The proportion of people with active infection among anti-HCV positives in 2019 was 56.5%.The decrease in the prevalence of HCV infection over 11 years was associated with a significant reduction in the detection rates of hepatitis C markers in age cohort 40-49 years (0.9% in 2019 vs. 3.6% in 2008 for HCV RNA, p<0.05, and 1.8% in 2019 vs. 9.1% in 2008 for anti-HCV, p<0.05, respectively). The highest rates of detection of anti-HCV and HCV RNA were observed among participants aged 60 years and over (8.0% and 7.0%, respectively, in 2019 and 11.0 and 6.3%, respectively, in 2008), which significantly exceeded detection rates in other age groups, both in 2008 and 2019 (<0.05).Conclusion. A decrease in the prevalence of HCV infection in general population of the Tyva Republic was observed over last 11 years, primarily due to a decrease in the proportion of unidentified cases of infection among people aged 40-49 years. At the same time, the proportion of unidentified cases of HCV infection in persons aged 60 years and older remains consistently high, which is apparently due to insufficient screening coverage in this age cohort. This age-associated risk cohort should be benefited from the inclusion in HCV screening program.
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