地幔冷却与早期地球构造转变的相关性

Geology Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI:10.1130/g51874.1
P. Gunawardana, P. Chowdhury, Gabriele Morra, Peter A. Cawood
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引用次数: 0

摘要

地球早期(约 2.5 Ga 之前)的主要构造模式仍然难以捉摸,越来越多的证据表明,当时非板块构造模式可能更为普遍。因此,板块构造在此之后是如何演变的仍然存在争议。我们对地幔对流进行了二维数值建模,模拟了适合哈代-阿耳干纪温度的地幔对流,结果表明,地球上的俯冲和裂谷系统可能是在地幔长期冷却的作用下,从早期以滴流和裂谷为主的构造模式中自发形成的。地幔的这种冷却是通过反复发生的裂解和滴落事件来实现的,这些事件可能发生了几亿年。随着地幔的冷却,其有效粘度以及岩石圈的厚度和强度增加,这有助于在地球上建立刚性板块并启动板块构造。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Correlating mantle cooling with tectonic transitions on early Earth
The dominant tectonic mode operating on early Earth (before ca. 2.5 Ga) remains elusive, with an increasing body of evidence suggesting that non-plate tectonic modes were likely more prevalent at that time. Thus, how plate tectonics evolved after that remains contentious. We performed two-dimensional numerical modeling of mantle convection at temperatures appropriate for the Hadean−Archean eons and show that subduction and rift systems may have spontaneously emerged on Earth from an earlier drip-and-rift−dominated tectonic mode in response to the secular cooling of the mantle. This cooling of the mantle was mediated by repeated events of rifting and dripping that likely occurred over a few hundred million years. As the mantle cooled, its effective viscosity and the thickness and strength of the lithosphere increased, which helped establish rigid plates and initiate plate tectonics on Earth.
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