Easy of calving cows for dairy pro- ductivity

   Data are presented on the dependence of the ease of calving on the duration of the dry period, gender, the number of gestated fetuses and its influence on the frequency of occurrence of specific pathologies of childbirth and the postpartum period and the frequency of insemination in dairy cows of productivity in the conditions of Sibirskaya Niva LLC, Novosibirsk region. More often, childbirth proceeded normally (easy), without outside intervention - 91.36 %, mild and moderate pathology was observed in 3.35 and 4.41 % of cows, and in rare cases, calving was accompanied by severe pathology - 0.87 %. The severity of the birth process increased with a decrease in the duration of the dry period. Thus, in animals with easy labour, the dry period was 54.73 ± 0.27 days; in animals with severe pathology, it was three days less - 51.74 ± 1.33 days. In cows with mild labour, the birth of one calf was more often observed; the number of twins did not exceed 8.95 %. The severity of labour was accompanied by an increase in the number of twins; in the group of animals with arduous labour, it reached 84.21 %. With a problematic labour process, the frequency of stillbirths in groups increases by 4.41 %. Animals with difficult births have an increased risk of obstetric and gynaecological pathology. Thus, in cows with a severe course of the birth process, in 26.32 % of cases, pathology of the third stage of labour was observed, accompanied by retention of the placenta. In the postpartum period, postpartum paresis was often recorded - 42.11 % and various types of metritis - 21.05 %. In contrast, with a mild course of labour, all the pathologies we studied were recorded in aggregate only in 29.35 % of cows. In animals with arduous labour, 1.05 more doses of semen were spent on fertile insemination than in animals with normal labour.