伟大卫国战争最后阶段(1943-1945 年)苏联外交概念框架中的多极化思想

IF 0.2 Q4 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
I. E. Magadeev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文试图描绘伟大卫国战争后期苏联外交战略论述中未来多极化概念所占据的概念图景。文章特别强调了两位杰出的苏联外交官 M.M. Litvinov 和 I.M. Maisky 的思想贡献。虽然利特维诺夫和麦斯基在 1943-1945 年期间提出的外交理论一直受到俄罗斯和国际学者的分析,但大多数现存的学术研究历来侧重于他们对具体国际 "问题 "的看法的内容和细微差别。本文有别于这一惯例,采用了一种方法论方法,试图探索利特维诺夫和麦斯基的思想赖以构建的基本概念基础。此外,文章还引入了一个新的维度,调查了其他苏联外交官(S.A. Lozovskii、B.E. Shtein、Ia.Z. Surits、E.V. Tarle)的观点,这些外交官在学术界获得的关注相对较少。文章探讨了一些关键问题,如他们对二战后全球格局的看法,他们对苏美两极化不可避免性的考虑,以及影响他们概念化的因素和环境。文章的主要结论认为,1943-1945 年期间苏联外交官所接受的概念框架并非以两极化或即将爆发的冷战为中心。他们承认苏联与以美国和英国为首的西方国家之间的紧张局势有可能升级,但他们更倾向于反希特勒联盟主要大国之间的合作,这种合作建立在对各自 "势力范围 "的隐含理解之上。虽然苏联外交部官员并不否认英美组成联合阵线反对苏联的可能性,但他们认为苏联外交应利用华盛顿和伦敦之间的裂痕,积极努力防止出现这种结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ideas of Multipolarity in the Conceptual Frame of the Soviet Diplomacy during the Final Phases of the Great Patriotic war (1943–1945)
This article endeavors to delineate the conceptual landscape occupied by the notions of prospective multipolarity within the strategic discourse of Soviet diplomacy during the latter phases of the Great Patriotic War. Particular emphasis is placed on the intellectual contributions of two prominent Soviet diplomats, M.M. Litvinov and I.M. Maisky. The author substantiates these insights by drawing upon both published and archival source materials, including the diaries and records maintained by officials within the Soviet Foreign Office, as well as documents emanating from the "Litvinov commission."While the diplomatic theories formulated by Litvinov and Maisky during the years 1943–1945 have been subject to analysis by Russian and international scholars, the majority of extant scholarship has traditionally focused on the content and nuances of their perspectives on specific international "questions." Departing from this convention, this article adopts a methodological approach that seeks to explore the underlying conceptual foundations upon which the ideas of Litvinov and Maisky were constructed. Additionally, the essay introduces a novel dimension by surveying the viewpoints of other Soviet diplomats (S.A. Lozovskii, B.E. Shtein, Ia.Z. Surits, E.V. Tarle), who have garnered relatively less scholarly attention.Of paramount interest is the manner in which Litvinov and Maisky envisaged the post-World War II international landscape, albeit without explicitly employing the term "multipolarity." The article addresses critical questions, such as their perception of the global scenario following WWII, their consideration of the inevitability of Soviet-American bipolarity, and the factors and circumstances that influenced their conceptualizations. The contemporary resurgence of discussions surrounding the trajectory of multipolarity in the twenty-first century underscores the pertinence of this historical inquiry.The article's key conclusion posits that the conceptual framework embraced by Soviet diplomats during 1943–1945 was not centered on notions of bipolarity or an imminent Cold War. While acknowledging the potential escalation of tensions between the USSR and Western nations led by the USA and Great Britain, they favored collaboration among the principal powers of the antiHitlerite coalition, grounded in an implicit understanding of their respective "spheres of influence." Although Soviet Foreign Office officials did not discount the possibility of the formation of a united Anglo-American front against the USSR, they believed that Soviet diplomacy should actively work to prevent such an outcome by capitalizing on the fissures between Washington and London.
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来源期刊
MGIMO Review of International Relations
MGIMO Review of International Relations INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-
CiteScore
0.60
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0.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
12 weeks
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