授粉者公地的地理格局

Ginger R. H. Allington, Aman Luthra
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引用次数: 0

摘要

昆虫授粉者减少和授粉稀缺的问题正在影响全世界的粮食生产和生态系统完整性。现有文献中经常引用 "授粉者公地 "一词,但几乎没有实际证据表明采取了集体行动来管理授粉者、授粉服务或觅食资源。这可能是由于某些地方可以通过技术手段解决授粉稀缺的问题,也可能是由于据称人们对授粉服务缺乏认识并低估了其价值。鉴于问题日益严重,可能会出现一些条件,在这些条件下可以对授粉者公地进行集体治理。我们预测,管理授粉者公地的集体行动更有可能在以下农民中出现:(a) 他们的农场规模较小,生计依赖于高价值作物,而野生授粉服务不容易被替代;(b) 他们的邻居同样依赖于依赖授粉者的作物;(c) 他们能够根据有关其他农民和授粉者状况的信息做出合理的成本效益决策。地理学家在理论和方法论工具方面处于特别有利的地位,他们可以利用这一重要但尚未得到充分探索的系统,了解集体行动的潜力,将授粉者作为共同资源加以管理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Geographies of the pollinator commons
The problem of insect pollinator declines and pollination scarcity is impacting food production and ecosystem integrity worldwide. The term “pollinator commons” has often been invoked in existing literature, but there is little actual evidence of collective action to manage pollinators, pollination services or foraging resources. This may be due to the availability of a technical fix to the problem of pollination scarcity in some places, or the purported lack of awareness and undervaluation of pollination services. Given the increasing extent of the problem, there may be some conditions under which collective governance of the pollinator commons could emerge. We predict that collective action to manage a pollinator commons is more likely to emerge among farmers: (a) whose farms are small, and livelihoods are dependent on high-value crops for which wild pollination services cannot be easily substituted; (b) whose neighbors are similarly dependent on pollinator-dependent crops; and (c) who are able to make reasonable cost-benefit determinations based on information about other farmers and pollinator status. Geographers are particularly well-positioned with the theoretical and methodological tools to engage with this important, yet under-explored system to understand the potential for collective action to manage pollinators as a common pool resource.
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