Exosome and Other Extracellular Vesicles in Gene Therapy and Personalized Care

Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as versatile agents facilitating cell-to-cell communication, assuming pivotal roles in both physiological and pathological contexts. This manuscript presents an extensive overview of the existing knowledge concerning the utilization of exosomes and EVs in gene therapy and personalized healthcare. It delves into their inherent capacity for transferring genetic material, their limited immunogenicity, and their potential for precise and targeted delivery. Furthermore, the paper investigates the ever-evolving domain of biomarker discovery, where exosomes and EVs hold substantial promise for the early detection of diseases and the monitoring of treatment responses. As ongoing research advances, the manuscript explores the potential for refining protocols related to standardization and quality control, along with the optimization of scalable manufacturing methods. Additionally, the manuscript sheds light on the burgeoning potential for individualized treatments driven by genomic profiling. By examining these facets, we foresee that exosomes and EVs will play a pioneering role in ushering in a new era of precision medicine, offering safer, more efficacious, and highly customized therapeutic interventions across a spectrum of medical conditions.