规范俄罗斯有机农业发展的立法基础

Natal'ya Nikonova, Kh. Dibirova, Aleksey G. Nikonov
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摘要

摘要本研究的目的是评估当前的有机农业监管框架,以分析其存在的缺陷及其与国内农业企业实际需求的符合程度。研究的主要方法是分析联邦和地区层面的立法框架,以及在此基础上为有机农业生产者组织预算支持的国内外经验。研究结果研究考虑了俄罗斯和世界上目前规范有机食品生产的法律法规。对俄罗斯联邦各地区支持有机农业的措施进行了评估。介绍了有机生产的发展特点和对现行监管框架的必要调整。考虑到国外的做法,提出了通过发展担保参与和团体认证体系来降低有机生产者认证成本的建议。为了更积极地发展俄罗斯,特别是西北地区的有机食品市场,建议采取措施调整有机农 业和畜牧业的法律规定,向小型企业的大规模认证过渡。这将加强国内有机农业生产者主要在国内市场的竞争地位,即使在出口供应受到更多外部限制的情况下,也能加强该行业的整体地位。这项研究的科学新意在于评估在农业部门发展的现阶段有机产品生产的现有体制机会和限制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Legislative bases for regulation of the development of organic agriculture in Russia
Abstract. The purpose of the study is to assess the current regulatory framework for the regulation of organic agriculture for the analysis of existing shortcomings and the degree of its compliance with the real needs of domestic agribusiness. The main method of research was the analysis of the legislative framework at the federal and regional levels, as well as domestic and foreign experience in organizing budget support for organic agricultural producers on its basis. Results. The current regulatory legal acts regulating the production of organic food in Russia and the world are considered. The assessment of measures to support organic agriculture in the context of individual regions of the Russian Federation was carried out. The characteristics of the development features and necessary adjustments of the current regulatory framework of organic production are given. Taking into account foreign practices, proposals are formulated to reduce the costs of organic producers for certification by developing systems of guarantee participation and group certification. In order to more actively develop the organic food market in Russia and, in particular, in the North-West, measures are proposed to make adjustments to the legal regulation of organic farming and animal husbandry, the transition to mass certification of small businesses. This will strengthen the competitive position of domestic organic agricultural producers primarily in the domestic market and strengthen the overall position of the industry even in conditions of increased external restrictions for export supplies. The scientific novelty of the study is to assess the existing institutional opportunities and limitations in the production of organic products at the present stage of development of the agricultural sector.
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