寄养家庭儿童牙齿畸形的发生率和严重程度

O. Malanova, N. S. Morozova, V. M. Grinin, O. Admakin, A. Maltseva, E. T. Savenko
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摘要

相关性。儿童牙颌畸形是牙科领域亟待解决的问题。对于寄养家庭中的 6 至 18 岁儿童来说,及时诊断和治疗这些疾病至关重要,因为与家庭环境中的儿童相比,寄养家庭中的儿童发病率更高。这种高发病率通常是由于缺乏儿童牙医或正畸医生的及时检查。这种检查有可能预防畸形的发生,或有助于进行适当的正畸治疗。这项研究包括 200 名 6 至 18 岁的儿童,分为两组:100 名儿童住在寄养家庭或孤儿院,100 名儿童与家人住在一起(对照组)。采用牙齿美学指数(DAI)和安格尔分类法对各种畸形进行鉴定。结果显示,89.3%的寄养儿童存在牙齿畸形,而家庭寄养儿童的这一比例为66.6%。最常见的畸形类型是门牙拥挤和门牙交叉咬合。寄养家庭儿童的 DAI 牙齿美学指数(DAI = 30.4)高于家庭儿童(DAI = 27.8)。此外,研究还发现,与对照组儿童相比,寄养家庭的儿童均未接受过牙齿矫正治疗。这项研究强调了诊断和治疗儿童畸形的重要性,尤其是寄养家庭中的儿童。研究结果突出表明,有必要采取有效的方法来预防和解决这类环境中儿童的错颌畸形问题,从而提高儿童的牙齿健康水平。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The prevalence and severity of malocclusion in foster home children
Relevance. Malocclusions in children present a pressing concern in the field of dentistry. Timely diagnostics and treatment of these conditions are crucial for children aged 6 to 18, residing in foster homes, where incidence tend to be higher compared to children raised in family settings. This heightened incidence is often attributed to the lack of timely examinations by pediatric dentist or orthodontists. Such examinations could have potentially prevented the development of malocclusions or facilitated the administration of appropriate orthodontic treatments.Materials and methods. The study included 200 children aged 6 to 18, categorized into two groups: 100 children residing in foster homes or orphanages and 100 living with families (control group). Various malocclusions were identified using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) dental aesthetic index and Angle's classification.Results. Malocclusions were identified in 89.3% of the children from foster home, compared to 66.6% of children from family households. The most prevalent types of malocclusions observed were crowding of front teeth and incisor cross-bite. The DAI dental aesthetic index was higher in children from foster home (DAI = 30.4) than in those from family (DAI = 27.8). Additionally, it was observed that none of the children from foster homes had undergone orthodontic treatment, in contrast to the children in the control group.Conclusion. The study underscores the significance of diagnosing and treating malocclusions in children, with particular emphasis on those residing in foster homes. The results highlight the necessity of implementing effective methods to prevent and address malocclusions in such environments, aiming to enhance the dental health of the children.
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