免耕系统中不同植物物种管理下的生态动物群和残留物分解率

IF 1.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY
Alana Maria Polesso, Ernesto Miguel Hoff, Edpool Rocha Silva, Elston Kraft, Thais Antolini Veçozzi, Dilmar Baretta, Renan de Souza Rezende, Carolina R. Duarte Maluche Baretta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

免耕系统(NTS)可在耕作过程中最大限度地利用植物物种多样性,同时最大限度地减少对播种行的干扰,并利用先前物种的作物残留物。我们的目的是比较包括轮作(CR)和作物连作(CS)在内的管理方法,以及作为参照区(FC)的原生片段,并探索废弃物分解与土壤生物质量之间的关系。为了评估大豆种植过程中的废弃物分解情况,我们使用了细网眼(0.5 毫米)和粗网眼(10 毫米)的废弃物袋,将其放置在土壤中并装入冬季作物残留物。此外,我们还对土壤动物、微生物、化学、酶和环境变量进行了取样。与粗网袋(FC 54.9%、CR 35.3%、CS 27.9%)相比,细网袋垃圾的剩余质量更高(CR 75.5%、FC 68.3%、CS 63.9%)。我们的研究结果表明,植物物种组成的多样性导致了较慢的分解速度,这与原始森林中的分解速度相似,从而稳定了农业系统。此外,分解率还受到管理方法、物种选择、气候和微生物活动的影响。表型无脊椎动物,尤其是食盘动物/分解者群体,在垃圾分解过程中发挥了重要作用,在粗网孔中观察到的分解率更高。微生物活动受土壤属性(如芳基硫酸酯酶活性、有机质含量和土壤湿度)的影响,对枯落物的分解有显著影响。NTS 中植物物种的多样性增加了土壤动物群落,降低了垃圾分解率。因此,我们建议使用多种植物物种的 NTS 与 CR 作为一种有利于长期系统中土壤生物的管理方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Edaphic fauna and residue decomposition rate under different management of plant species in no-tillage system

Edaphic fauna and residue decomposition rate under different management of plant species in no-tillage system

The no-tillage system (NTS) maximizes the use of plant species diversification during cultivation while minimizing disturbance to the seeding row and using the crop residues from previous species. Our objective was to compare management practices, including crop rotation (CR) and crop succession (CS), as well as a native fragment serving as a reference area (FC), and explore the relationship between litter decomposition and soil biological quality. To evaluate the decomposition of litter from soybean cultivation, we utilized fine (0.5 mm) and coarse (10 mm) mesh litter bags, which were placed in the soil and contained the winter crop residues. Additionally, sampling for edaphic fauna, microbiological, chemical, enzymatic, and environmental variables was conducted. A higher remaining mass was observed in the fine mesh litter bags (CR 75.5%, FC 68.3%, CS 63.9%) compared to the coarse mesh (FC 54.9%, CR 35.3%, CS 27.9%). Our results showed that diverse plant species composition led to a slower decomposition rate, similar to that found in native forests, stabilizing the agricultural system. Also, the decomposition rate was influenced by management practices, species selection, climate, and microbial activity. Epigeic invertebrates, particularly Detritivores/decomposers groups, played a significant role in litter decomposition, with higher decomposition rates observed in the coarse mesh. Microbial activity, influenced by soil attributes such as arylsulfatase enzyme activity, organic matter content, and soil moisture, significantly affected litter decomposition. The diversity of plant species in NTS increases the soil fauna and reduces litter decomposition rate. Therefore, we suggest NTS with CR using multiple plant species as a management that favors soil organisms in long-term systems.

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来源期刊
Community Ecology
Community Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
5.90%
发文量
51
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: Community Ecology, established by the merger of two ecological periodicals, Coenoses and Abstracta Botanica was launched in an effort to create a common global forum for community ecologists dealing with plant, animal and/or microbial communities from terrestrial, marine or freshwater systems. Main subject areas: (i) community-based ecological theory; (ii) modelling of ecological communities; (iii) community-based ecophysiology; (iv) temporal dynamics, including succession; (v) trophic interactions, including food webs and competition; (vi) spatial pattern analysis, including scaling issues; (vii) community patterns of species richness and diversity; (viii) sampling ecological communities; (ix) data analysis methods.
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