混合交通流的不确定性、效率和稳定性:基于随机模型的分析

Liang Lu, Fangfang Zheng, Xiaobo Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文提出了一种由人类驾驶车辆(HV)、联网自动驾驶车辆(CAV)和降级联网自动驾驶车辆(DCAV)组成的混合交通随机模型。该模型解决了目前大多数文献忽略的问题:CAV 的退化,以及 HV、CAV 和 DCAV 的异质性和不确定性。不确定性的来源是 HV、CAV 和 DCAV 的异质性行为,使用特定车辆的汽车跟随关系来捕捉,即参数不确定性。所提出的模型可以明确研究不同 CAV 渗透率、CAV 在交通流中的不同位置以及 CAV 不同退化水平下混合交通的不确定性、效率和稳定性。数值实验结果表明,较大的 CAV 渗透率有助于降低不确定性,提高交通流的效率和稳定性。此外,我们还研究了四种情况下混合交通流中 CAV 的不同位置组合对交通性能的影响:1)CAV 在车流中随机分布;2)CAV 组成一个排在车流前方行驶;3)CAV 组成一个排在车流中间行驶;4)CAV 组成一个排在车流后方行驶。结果表明,在不同的 CAV 渗透率下,方案 2 在减少不确定性、提高效率和稳定性方面表现最佳,而方案 4 表现最差。此外,CAV 退化水平的增加对减少不确定性和提高效率与稳定性产生了负面影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Uncertainty, Efficiency, and Stability of Mixed Traffic Flow: Stochastic Model-Based Analyses
This paper proposes a stochastic model for mixed traffic consisting of human-driven vehicles (HVs), connected automated vehicles (CAVs), and degraded connected automated vehicles (DCAVs). The model addresses the issue that most of the current literature ignores: the degradation of CAVs, and the heterogeneity and uncertainty of HVs, CAVs, and DCAVs. The source of uncertainty was the heterogeneous behavior of HVs, CAVs, and DCAVs, captured using vehicle-specific car-following relations, that is, parametric uncertainty. The proposed model allowed for the explicit investigation of the uncertainty, efficiency, and stability of mixed traffic under various CAV penetration rates, different positions of CAVs in the traffic stream, and the different degradation levels of CAVs. The numerical experiment results showed that a larger CAV penetration rate helped to reduce uncertainty and improve the efficiency and stability of traffic flow. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of different position combinations of CAVs in the mixed traffic stream on traffic performance under four scenarios: 1) CAVs randomly distributed in the traffic stream, 2) CAVs forming a platoon traveling in the front of the traffic stream, 3) CAVs forming a platoon traveling in the middle of the traffic stream, and 4) CAVs forming a platoon traveling in the rear of the traffic stream. The results demonstrated that Scenario 2 gave the best performance in reducing uncertainty and improving efficiency and stability under different CAV penetration rates, whereas Scenario 4 performed the worst. Moreover, increasing degradation levels of CAVs negatively affected the reduction of uncertainty and improvement of efficiency and stability.
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