对有关杀人后自杀和肇事者精神状态的文献进行系统回顾。

IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Alexis Theodorou, Helen Sinclair, Saima Ali, Seema Sukhwal, Christopher Bassett, Heidi Hales
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:杀人后自杀的情况十分罕见,但却具有毁灭性,而且在世界各地都有发生。人们通常假定行凶者有精神障碍,这就提出了预防方面的问题。虽然已有相关事件的报道,但此前并没有对行凶者的精神健康状况进行过系统的研究。首先,在已发表的文献中确定是否存在可识别的杀人自杀亚群;其次,调查行凶者的精神状态与事件各个方面之间的关系:我们对已发表的关于杀人后 24 小时内自杀或严重自杀未遂的研究文献进行了系统性回顾,其中包括对行凶者精神状态的测量:结果:共确定了 60 项研究,其中大部分来自北美或欧洲。从方法学角度来看,这些研究过于分散,无法进行荟萃分析。这些研究主要分为三组:家庭组、大规模枪手组和恐怖分子组,另外还有一小部分混合组。有证据表明,少数肇事者患有精神疾病;其余的肇事者只有部分患有精神疾病。任何特定的精神疾病与杀人-自杀类型之间都没有明显的联系,但抑郁症是最常被提及的。社会角色脱节、动机、药物滥用和相关的风险或威胁行为是所有群体都确定的主题。预先建立的意识形态与大规模枪杀和恐怖主义群体有关。结论:研究数据必须在事件发生后收集:研究数据必须在事件发生后收集,而且在大多数情况下没有采用标准化方法,因此必须谨慎解释研究结果。尽管如此,研究结果表明心理健康专业人员至少可以起到一定的预防作用。那些因抑郁、自杀念头、人际关系困难以及社会地位或角色的实际或感知变化而求助心理健康服务机构的人,值得长期进行详细的支持性评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A systematic review of literature on homicide followed by suicide and mental state of perpetrators

A systematic review of literature on homicide followed by suicide and mental state of perpetrators

Background

Homicide followed by suicide is rare, devastating and perpetrated worldwide. It is commonly assumed that the perpetrator had a mental disorder, raising concomitant questions about prevention. Though events have been reported, there has been no previous systematic review of the mental health of perpetrators.

Aims

Our aims were twofold. First, to identify whether there are recognisable subgroups of homicide–suicides in published literature and, secondly, to investigate the relationship between perpetrator mental state and aspects of the incident.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of published literature on studies of homicide followed within 24 h by suicide or serious suicide attempt that included measures of perpetrator mental state.

Results

Sixty studies were identified, most from North America or Europe. Methodologically, studies were too heterogeneous for meta-analysis. They fell into three main groups: family, mass shooter, and terrorist with an additional small mixed group. There was evidence of mental illness in a minority of perpetrators; its absence in the remainder was only partially evidenced. There was no clear association between any specific mental illness and homicide–suicide type, although depression was most cited. Social role disjunction, motive, substance misuse and relevant risk or threat behaviours were themes identified across all groups. Pre-established ideology was relevant in the mass shooter and terrorism groups. Prior trauma history was notable in the terrorist group.

Conclusion

Research data were necessarily collected post-incident and in most cases without a standardised approach, so findings must be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, they suggest at least some preventive role for mental health professionals. Those presenting to services with depression, suicidal ideation, relationship difficulties and actual, or perceived, changes in social position or role would merit detailed, supportive assessment over time.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.
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