优先食人是有营养多态捕食者的群内捕食系统的关键稳定机制

IF 1.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY
Clara A. Woodie, Kurt E. Anderson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

理论预测野内捕食(IGP)是不稳定的,尽管它在自然界无处不在,这促使人们探索IGP的稳定机制。IGP的多种表现形式之一是通过诱导性的野内捕食者营养多态性,即吃资源的捕食者形态与野内(IG)猎物竞争共享资源,而顶级捕食者形态消耗IG猎物。在这种系统中,由于顶级捕食者形态对其下层营养级(包括资源吞噬型捕食者形态)的专一性,食人现象很常见。在这里,我们利用一个有食人行为和无食人行为的 IGP 模型,探讨食人捕食者的诱导性营养多态性对 IGP 稳定性的影响。我们采用了线性稳定性分析,并根据顶级食肉动物形态对同种生物与异种生物的偏好,以及 IG 猎物相对于资源食性形态的竞争能力,确定了共存区域。我们的研究结果表明,当IG猎物和食资源形态对共享资源具有相似的竞争能力时,优先食人(即优先食用同种生物)会使系统趋于稳定。虽然最初的 IGP 理论认为,IG 猎物必须是资源竞争者中的佼佼者,这是共存的一般标准,但当捕食者具有可诱导的营养多态性,而食资源变形体在资源获取方面具有特长时,情况通常就不是这样了。因此,优先食人可能是具有食人营养多态性IG捕食者的IGP系统中的一个关键稳定机制,从而进一步揭示是什么一般机制稳定了普遍存在的IGP相互作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Preferential cannibalism as a key stabilizing mechanism of intraguild predation systems with trophic polymorphic predators

Preferential cannibalism as a key stabilizing mechanism of intraguild predation systems with trophic polymorphic predators

Theory predicts intraguild predation (IGP) to be unstable despite its ubiquity in nature, prompting exploration of stabilizing mechanisms of IGP. One of the many ways IGP manifests is through inducible trophic polymorphisms in the intraguild (IG) predator, where a resource-eating predator morph competes with the intraguild (IG) prey for the shared resource while a top predator morph consumes the IG prey. Cannibalism is common in this type of system due to the top predator morph’s specialization on the trophic level below it, which includes the resource-eating predator morph. Here, we explore the consequences of inducible trophic polymorphisms in cannibal predators for IGP stability using an IGP model with and without cannibalism. We employ linear stability analysis and identify regions of coexistence based on the top predator morph’s preference for conspecifics vs. heterospecifics and the IG prey’s competitive ability relative to the resource-eating morph. Our findings reveal that preferential cannibalism (i.e., the preferential consumption of conspecifics) stabilizes the system when the IG prey and resource-eating morph have similar competitive abilities for the shared resource. Though original IGP theory finds that the IG prey must be a superior resource competitor as a general criterion for coexistence, this is not typically the case when the predator has an inducible trophic polymorphism and the resource-eating morph is specialized in resource acquisition. Preferential cannibalism may therefore be a key stabilizing mechanism in IGP systems with a cannibalistic, trophic polymorphic IG predators, providing further insight into what general mechanisms stabilize the pervasive IGP interaction.

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来源期刊
Theoretical Ecology
Theoretical Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Theoretical Ecology publishes innovative research in theoretical ecology, broadly defined. Papers should use theoretical approaches to answer questions of ecological interest and appeal to and be readable by a broad audience of ecologists. Work that uses mathematical, statistical, computational, or conceptual approaches is all welcomed, provided that the goal is to increase ecological understanding. Papers that only use existing approaches to analyze data, or are only mathematical analyses that do not further ecological understanding, are not appropriate. Work that bridges disciplinary boundaries, such as the intersection between quantitative social sciences and ecology, or physical influences on ecological processes, will also be particularly welcome. All areas of theoretical ecology, including ecophysiology, population ecology, behavioral ecology, evolutionary ecology, ecosystem ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem and landscape ecology are all appropriate. Theoretical papers that focus on applied ecological questions are also of particular interest.
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