Increased sympathetic nervous system impairs prognosis in lung cancer patients: a scoping review of clinical studies.

Aim: To summarize current knowledge, gaps, quality of the evidence and show main results related to the role of the autonomic nervous system in lung cancer.

Methods: Studies were identified through electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library) in October 2023, and a descriptive analysis was performed. Twenty-four studies were included, and most were observational.

Results: Our data indicated an increased expression of β-2-adrenergic receptors in lung cancer, which was associated with poor prognosis. However, the use of β-blockers as an add-on to standard treatment promoted enhanced overall survival, recurrence-free survival and reduced metastasis occurrence.

Conclusion: Although the results herein seem promising, future research using high-quality prospective clinical trials is required to draw directions to guide clinical interventions.