评估番茄果实作为生产功能性食品的潜在原材料的维生素和矿物质含量稳定性

Zharkova Irina, Pochitskaya Irina, Efremov Dmitriy, Plotnikova Inessa, Chusova Alla, Pronkina Alena, Harutyunyan Natalya
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These tomatoes were cultivated in open ground in both the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. Methods: The mineral composition of tomato fruit samples was determined using an atomic emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma, mass fractions of vitamin C and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: The highest vitamin C content was observed in the fruits of tomato varieties Viagra and Chocolate, cultivated in the villages of Khokhol and Nikonovo in the Voronezh Region, Russia, and in the variety Budenovka, grown in Nikonovo. Additionally, the highest lycopene content was identified in the fruits of The Black Prince, cultivated in the agro-town Samokhvalovichi, Belarus; Volgogradskiy skorospelyi, grown in Nikonovo; Bull's Heart, cultivated in Khokhol in the Voronezh Region, Russia; and Black Heart of Bull, cultivated in Khokhol and Nikonovo respectively. Notably, tomatoes of the varieties The Black Prince (agro-town Samokhvalovichi, Belarus), Chocolate, Black Heart of Bull, and Bull's Heart (Khokhol, Russia) exhibited a significant amount of lutein. Furthermore, tomatoes of the variety Budenovka, grown in Khokhol, Russia, displayed high mineral saturation. Varieties Bull's Heart and Black Heart of Bull, grown in the same region, were found to be rich in macro- and trace elements (K, Ca, Mg, P, Mn, Fe). The optimal calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (1:1.5) was observed in varieties Bull's Forehead, Black Heart of Bull, and Budenovka, while the optimal calcium-to-magnesium ratio (1:0.7) was present in the fruits of tomato varieties Volgogradskiy skorospelyi, Bull's Forehead, Budenovka, Black Heart of Bull, Bull's Heart, and Orange, grown in various regions of the Russian Federation. Conclusion: The inclusion of biologically active substances, notably lycopene, lutein, Vitamin C, and essential minerals (Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus), positions tomatoes as valuable sources for developing functional foods and those designed to prevent cardiovascular diseases. The composition of tomatoes varies significantly based on the fruit's color and the cultivation location. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:番茄是生物活性物质(维生素 C、番茄红素、叶黄素、宏量和微量元素)的重要来源,可用于生产功能性食品:研究了九个品种的番茄果实,其颜色包括红色、黄色和深色(棕色、酒红色)。这些番茄是在俄罗斯联邦和白俄罗斯共和国露地栽培的。研究方法使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪测定番茄果实样本的矿物质成分,使用高效液相色谱法测定维生素 C 和类胡萝卜素的质量分数:在俄罗斯沃罗涅日州霍霍尔村和尼科诺沃村种植的西红柿品种 "伟哥 "和 "巧克力 "以及尼科诺沃村种植的品种 "布杰诺夫卡 "的果实中,维生素 C 含量最高。此外,在白俄罗斯 Samokhvalovichi 农业镇种植的 "黑王子"、尼科诺沃种植的 Volgogradskiy skorospelyi、俄罗斯沃罗涅日州霍霍尔种植的 "公牛之心 "以及分别在霍霍尔和尼科诺沃种植的 "公牛黑心 "的果实中,番茄红素含量最高。值得注意的是,"黑王子"(白俄罗斯萨莫赫瓦罗维奇农业镇)、"巧克力"、"公牛黑心 "和 "公牛心"(俄罗斯霍霍尔)等品种的西红柿含有大量叶黄素。此外,在俄罗斯霍霍尔种植的布杰诺夫卡(Budenovka)品种的西红柿显示出较高的矿物质饱和度。在同一地区种植的品种 "公牛心 "和 "公牛黑心 "富含大量微量元素(钾、钙、镁、磷、锰、铁)。在 "公牛的前额"、"公牛的黑心 "和 "布杰诺夫卡 "等品种中观察到最佳钙磷比例(1:1.5),而在俄罗斯联邦不同地区种植的 "伏尔加格勒斯基番茄"、"公牛的前额"、"布杰诺夫卡"、"公牛的黑心"、"公牛的心 "和 "奥兰治 "等番茄品种的果实中发现最佳钙镁比例(1:0.7)。结论番茄中含有生物活性物质,特别是番茄红素、叶黄素、维生素 C 和必需矿物质(钾、钙、镁、磷),这使番茄成为开发功能食品和预防心血管疾病食品的重要来源。番茄的成分因果实颜色和种植地点的不同而有很大差异。关键词:番茄果实、生物活性物质、维生素 C、番茄红素、叶黄素、宏量和微量元素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessment of vitamin- and mineral-content stability of tomato fruits as a potential raw material to produce functional food
Background: Tomatoes are a valuable source of biologically active substances (vitamin C, lycopene, lutein, macro- and microelements) and can be used to produce functional foods.Objective: Nine varieties of tomato fruits, featuring a spectrum of colors such as red, yellow, and dark hues (brown, burgundy), were examined. These tomatoes were cultivated in open ground in both the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. Methods: The mineral composition of tomato fruit samples was determined using an atomic emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma, mass fractions of vitamin C and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: The highest vitamin C content was observed in the fruits of tomato varieties Viagra and Chocolate, cultivated in the villages of Khokhol and Nikonovo in the Voronezh Region, Russia, and in the variety Budenovka, grown in Nikonovo. Additionally, the highest lycopene content was identified in the fruits of The Black Prince, cultivated in the agro-town Samokhvalovichi, Belarus; Volgogradskiy skorospelyi, grown in Nikonovo; Bull's Heart, cultivated in Khokhol in the Voronezh Region, Russia; and Black Heart of Bull, cultivated in Khokhol and Nikonovo respectively. Notably, tomatoes of the varieties The Black Prince (agro-town Samokhvalovichi, Belarus), Chocolate, Black Heart of Bull, and Bull's Heart (Khokhol, Russia) exhibited a significant amount of lutein. Furthermore, tomatoes of the variety Budenovka, grown in Khokhol, Russia, displayed high mineral saturation. Varieties Bull's Heart and Black Heart of Bull, grown in the same region, were found to be rich in macro- and trace elements (K, Ca, Mg, P, Mn, Fe). The optimal calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (1:1.5) was observed in varieties Bull's Forehead, Black Heart of Bull, and Budenovka, while the optimal calcium-to-magnesium ratio (1:0.7) was present in the fruits of tomato varieties Volgogradskiy skorospelyi, Bull's Forehead, Budenovka, Black Heart of Bull, Bull's Heart, and Orange, grown in various regions of the Russian Federation. Conclusion: The inclusion of biologically active substances, notably lycopene, lutein, Vitamin C, and essential minerals (Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus), positions tomatoes as valuable sources for developing functional foods and those designed to prevent cardiovascular diseases. The composition of tomatoes varies significantly based on the fruit's color and the cultivation location. This variability underscores the importance of considering these factors to achieve the desired level of functional ingredients in the final product.Keywords: tomato fruits, biologically active substances, vitamin C, lycopene, lutein, macro- and microelements.
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