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引用次数: 0
摘要
可持续发展目标之一是减少环境退化和促进可持续环境。促进可持续环境的重要因素之一是一个国家的民主水平。本研究调查了 1990 年至 2018 年期间民主对 68 个发展中国家人均生态足迹(EF)的影响。为此,我们使用了可行广义最小二乘法(FGLS)和面板校正标准误差(PCSE)估计方法。实证研究结果表明,民主与 EF 之间存在正相关关系。换言之,民主的增加会加剧发展中国家的环境退化。此外,研究结果还表明,虽然人均国内生产总值的增加会增加环境基金,但可再生能源消费的增加会减少环境基金。总之,我们的研究结果表明,民主对发展中国家的环境可持续性至关重要。因此,政府和决策者在制定环境政策时应考虑民主因素。
Environmental Sustainability in Developing Countries: Does Democracy Matter?
One of the sustainable development goals is to reduce environmental degradation and promote a sustainable environment. One of the significant factors in promoting a sustainable environment is the level of democracy in a country. This study investigates the impact of democracy on the ecological footprint (EF) per capita in 68 developing countries from 1990 to 2018. To do so, we use the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) and Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) estimators. The empirical findings show that there is a positive relationship between democracy and EF. In other words, an increase in democracy increases environmental degradation in developing countries. Besides, the findings also show that while an increase in GDP per capita increases EF, an increase in renewable energy consumption reduces EF. Overall, our findings show that democracy matters for environmental sustainability in developing countries. Therefore, governments and policymakers should consider democracy to formulate environmental policies.