加拿大自 1866 年以来对伤残后备役军人和退伍军人的不同补偿方式

IF 0.7 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
John Milne
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 本文探讨了加拿大从 1866 年至 2020 年对伤残现役军人和退伍军人承担的不同程度的赔偿责任。纵观加拿大历史,经济补偿的首要考虑因素是伤亡人员的参军成分,即正规军、后备役或特种部队。自 1883 年以来,伤残的现役正规部队成员在从与服役有关的伤害中恢复时可获得全额工资和福利。无论是通过《民兵法》、《养老金法》、长期伤残保险,还是目前的《退伍军人福利法》(VWA),正规部队伤残退伍军人都可获得基于收入损失的经济补偿。1914 年以前,加拿大军队主要是兼职民兵,如果一名成员因公受伤或患病致残或死亡,经济补偿将考虑其失去的平民收入和家庭情况。从第一次世界大战到 20 世纪 70 年代,现役后备役军人在因公受伤恢复期间有资格领取军饷和福利。目前,如果调查证明他们没有过错或渎职,他们可以申请相当于军饷的津贴,但没有福利。从 1919 年到 1999 年,政府对伤残后备役退伍军人承担的责任越来越少,直到最近对退伍军人福利立法的修改才逐步改善了这一状况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Canada’s varying approach to compensating disabled Reserve Force members and Veterans since 1866
LAY SUMMARY This article examines the different levels of liability Canada has assumed for disabled serving military members and Veterans from 1866 to 2020. Throughout Canada’s history, the first consideration for financial compensation has been the enrolment component of the casualty, that is, Regular, Reserve, or Special Force. Since 1883, disabled serving Regular Force members have received full pay and benefits while recovering from service-related injuries. Whether through the Militia Act, the Pension Act, long-term disability insurance, or the current Veterans Well-being Act (VWA), disabled Regular Force Veterans received financial compensation based on lost earnings. Before 1914, Canada’s military was a predominantly part-time militia, and if a member was disabled or killed due to a service-related injury or illness, lost civilian earnings and family circumstances were considered in financial compensation. From the First World War until the 1970s, serving Reservists were eligible for military pay and benefits while recovering from service-related injuries. Currently, subject to an investigation clearing them of fault or malfeasance, they may apply for an allowance equivalent to military pay with no benefits. Between 1919 and 1999, the government accepted less and less liability for disabled Reserve Force Veterans until recent changes to Veterans benefits legislation incrementally improved this.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
72
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