孟加拉国灾害管理政策的变化:从被动应对到积极主动转变的驱动力和因素

IF 3 3区 社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Mahed Choudhury, C. Emdad Haque
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中,我们认为,虽然有必要利用从灾害事件中吸取的经验教训来修改现有政策(即被动学习),但这种方法本身不足以应对持续存在和新出现的气候诱发灾害风险。相反,我们认为决策者还必须采取积极主动和预见性的学习方法,以便在没有重大灾害事件的情况下进行政策学习和政策演变。我们研究了孟加拉国灾害管理政策范式变化的驱动因素、参与者和过程。我们采用了纵向学习的视角。我们将灾害管理(DM)政策体系分为三个学习阶段:(i) 被动型、(ii) 过渡型和 (iii) 主动型。在这些学习过程中,我们特别确定了被动学习和主动学习在转变灾害管理政策范式中的作用。最后,确定了引发积极主动决策的五个相互关联的因素,它们是:以风险为导向的决策;跨规模(即吸取经验教训和政策转让)和跨级别(即从地方、区域和国家经验中)学习;多方利益相关者的参与;以研究为依据和以知识为基础的决策;以及强大的倡导团体和参与性政策进程的存在。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Disaster management policy changes in Bangladesh: Drivers and factors of a shift from reactive to proactive approach

Disaster management policy changes in Bangladesh: Drivers and factors of a shift from reactive to proactive approach

In this paper, we argue that, while it is necessary to modify existing policy using the lessons learned from disaster events (i.e., reactive learning), this approach is insufficient on its own for dealing with ongoing and emerging climate-induced disaster risks. Rather, we assert that policymakers must also adopt a proactive and anticipatory learning approach that would enable policy learning and policy evolution in the absence of a major disaster event. We examine drivers, actors, and processes of change in disaster-management policy paradigms in Bangladesh. A longitudinal learning perspective is applied. We categorize disaster management (DM) policy regimes into three learning episodes: (i) reactive, (ii) transitional, and (iii) proactive. The roles of reactive and proactive learning in shifting DM policy paradigms within these learning episodes are particularly determined. Finally, five interrelated factors that triggered proactive policymaking are identified, which are: risk-oriented policymaking; cross-scale (i.e., lesson drawing and policy transfer) and cross-level (i.e., from local, regional, and national experience) learning; participation of multiple stakeholders; research-informed and knowledge-based policymaking; and the presence of a strong advocacy group and a participatory policy process.

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来源期刊
Environmental Policy and Governance
Environmental Policy and Governance ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
13.30%
发文量
67
期刊介绍: Environmental Policy and Governance is an international, inter-disciplinary journal affiliated with the European Society for Ecological Economics (ESEE). The journal seeks to advance interdisciplinary environmental research and its use to support novel solutions in environmental policy and governance. The journal publishes innovative, high quality articles which examine, or are relevant to, the environmental policies that are introduced by governments or the diverse forms of environmental governance that emerge in markets and civil society. The journal includes papers that examine how different forms of policy and governance emerge and exert influence at scales ranging from local to global and in diverse developmental and environmental contexts.
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