乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌在霉菌毒素污染小麦谷物生物脱毒策略中的潜力

S. Mischler, Amandine André, S. Freimüller Leischtfeld, Nadina Müller, Irene Chetschik, S. Miescher Schwenninger
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引用次数: 0

摘要

谷物中的霉菌毒素是一个世界性问题,它是由产生霉菌毒素的真菌造成的。降低这些真菌和受污染谷物中霉菌毒素含量的策略是使用乳酸菌(LAB)或芽孢杆菌,它们可以降解或结合毒素。在这项研究中,从受霉菌毒素污染的麦粒中分离出了 LAB 和芽孢杆菌,并与其他植物衍生菌株一起,对禾谷镰刀菌进行了抗真菌筛选。此外,还对这些菌株降低玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的能力进行了筛选。最后,通过分析活细胞、死细胞、细胞提取物和上清液的毒素还原情况,研究了最有前途的微生物的作用模式。在 212 株受测菌株中,70 株表现出较高的抗真菌活性,42 株表现出对 90% 以上 ZEA 的解毒能力,即地衣芽孢杆菌(19 株)、巨大芽孢杆菌(13 株)和酿酒左旋乳酸杆菌(10 株)。所测试的菌株都不能减少 DON。ZEA 降解的作用模式尚未完全阐明。无论是死细胞(<20%)、细胞提取物还是上清液都不能大量减少 ZEA,这就排除了高结合能力以及细胞外或细胞内酶参与的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bacillus spp. in a Bio-Detoxification Strategy for Mycotoxin Contaminated Wheat Grains
Mycotoxins present in cereals are a worldwide problem and are a result of the presence of mycotoxin producing fungi. A strategy to reduce these fungi and mycotoxin levels in contaminated grains is with the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) or Bacillus spp., which can degrade or bind toxins. In this study, LAB and Bacillus spp. were isolated from mycotoxin contaminated wheat grains and, together with additional plant-derived strains, an antifungal screening against Fusarium graminearum was performed. Furthermore, these strains were screened for their ability to reduce zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON). Finally, the mode of action of the most promising microorganisms was investigated by analyzing toxin reduction with viable and dead cells, cell extracts and supernatants. Out of 212 tested strains, 70 showed high antifungal activity and 42 exhibited the ability to detoxify more than 90% ZEA, i.e., Bacillus licheniformis (19), B. megaterium (13), and Levilactobacillus brevis (10). None of the tested strains were able to decrease DON. The mode of action of ZEA reduction could not be fully elucidated. Neither dead cells (<20%), nor cell extracts nor supernatants could reduce ZEA in high amounts, which exclude high binding capacity and the involvement of extra- or intra-cellular enzymes.
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