现代婴儿母乳喂养趋势

A. Kachurenko, L. Levadna, A. Horobets, Yu. Proshchenko, Ya. Kalinichenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

母乳喂养是婴儿护理的一个重要方面,对婴儿和母亲都有诸多益处。21 世纪的社会文化变革要求优化这种做法,并对乳汁分泌的生理阶段进行研究,包括泌乳的激素调节和影响乳汁分泌的因素,这对于支持母乳喂养和改善婴儿和母亲的整体福祉至关重要。这项工作的目的是通过对现有文献的全面回顾,调查目前对母乳喂养支持的看法,尤其侧重于对孕期和哺乳期乳汁分泌生理阶段的研究。我们采用了书目检索法、分析检索法和规范检索法。该综述有助于加深对母乳喂养的认识和理解,强调母乳喂养对新生儿护理和产妇福祉的重要性。资料涵盖了影响哺乳这一生理过程和母乳喂养这一社会实践的各种因素。研究结果强调了泌乳过程的生理基础:催乳素和催产素在启动和维持乳汁分泌方面的关键作用、内部因素(荷尔蒙失衡、乳房解剖和手术)以及外部因素,如母亲的身体状况,包括妊娠糖尿病和多囊卵巢综合征。分析了母乳喂养对婴儿和母亲的积极意义。考虑了母乳喂养对婴儿的各种积极影响,包括母亲乳汁中最有利的营养平衡、被动免疫的形成和健康肠道微生物群的维持。本书特别关注 21 世纪初社会和经济变革对婴儿喂养观点的变化,包括人工配方奶粉的作用日益增强以及工作场所自然喂养所面临的挑战。实际意义:它为制定以证据为基础的干预措施提供了依据,以改善婴儿和母亲的母乳喂养体验和福祉,同时为医疗保健专业人员、政策制定者和支持团体提供信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Modern baby breastfeeding trends
Breastfeeding is a critical aspect of infant care that provides numerous benefits for both infants and mothers. The socio-cultural changes of the 21st century require optimisation of this practice and research into the physiological stages of milk secretion, including the hormonal regulation of lactation and factors that influence breast secretion, which is crucial for supporting breastfeeding and improving the overall well-being of infants and mothers. The purpose of the work was to investigate current views on breastfeeding support through a comprehensive review of the existing literature, with a particular focus on studies on the physiological stages of milk secretion during pregnancy and breastfeeding. We used bibliographic, analytical and regulatory search methods. The review contributes to the deepening of knowledge and understanding of breastfeeding, emphasising its importance for newborn care and maternal well-being. The material covers a wide range of factors that influence lactation as a physiological process and breastfeeding as a social practice. The findings highlight the physiological basis of the lactation process: the key role of prolactin and oxytocin in initiating and maintaining milk secretion, internal (hormonal imbalances, breast anatomy and surgery), and external factors such as the mother’s somatic condition, including gestational diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. The positive aspects of breastfeeding for both the child and the mother are analysed. The various positive effects of this practice on the child are considered, including the most favourable balance of nutrients in the mother’s milk, the formation of passive immunity and the maintenance of a healthy intestinal microbiota. Particular attention is paid to the changing views on infant feeding in light of social and economic changes in the early 21st century, including the growing role of artificial formula and the challenges of natural feeding in the workplace. Practical implications: it provides a basis for developing evidence-based interventions to improve the breastfeeding experience and well-being of both infants and mothers while informing healthcare professionals, policymakers, and support groups.
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