SOURCES AND NATURE OF CRYSTALLINE TURBIDITY OF WINES

Introduction. Crystal turbidity in wines is a widespread problem of the wine industry. Violation of the stability and presentation of finished products due to the formation of turbidity and precipitation leads to significant losses of wineries. In various years, up to 25% of all wines produced are prone to the formation of crystalline turbidity. The purpose of this work was to generalize data on the sources of crystalline turbidity, their nature, physico-chemical properties, as well as on the physico-chemical parameters of wine that affect the formation and dissolution of crystalline turbidities. Objects and methods of research. Domestic and foreign scientific literature on the subject of the study. The analysis, systematization and generalization of the obtained data were used as research methods. Results and their discussion. The paper presents the main sources of the components of crystalline turbidity, types of crystalline turbidity, their brief characteristics are given, their nature and physico-chemical properties are described, data on the main physico-chemical indicators of wine that influence the formation and dissolution of crystalline turbidity are given. The biological significance, transport and transformation of the components of crystalline turbidities in the grape-must-wine series are described in detail. Conclusions. At the moment, crystalline turbidity of wines, despite a significant number of ways to control, predict their formation and technological methods to combat them, remain one of the main causes of instability and marketability of wine products. To solve the problem of the formation of crystalline turbidity, it is necessary to conduct a deep fundamental study of their properties, as well as factors influencing their formation and sedimentation in the conditions of a multicomponent composition of wine. The results of the review presented in this article will allow enterprises to develop new approaches in the cultivation and processing of grapes.