PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS DASIPHORA MANDSHURICA DEPENDING ON THE PHASE DEVELOPMENT

Results of seasonal changes of phenolic compounds are presented in the article for leaves of Dasiphora mandshurica grown in culture of the south of the Amur Region. The phenolic compounds were analyzed by the method of a high-performance liquid chromatography. Six glycosides of flavonol (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, quercitrin, astragalin), two aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) and tannins (ellagic acid and its glycoside) were found. It was found that phenolic composition of D. mandshurica is constant, but the changes of qualitative composition occur at the expense of minor compounds. The largest number of phenolic components (25) was established in stage the period of bud swelling of the leaf buds and periods of beginning and the mass of a blossoming. A higher total content of phenolic compounds in leaves of D. mandshurica was established in the stages the period of full isolation of leaves (35.3 mg/g), of total aglycones – in the period of ending of a blossoming (0.48 mg/g), and of total flavonols – in the period of mass blossoming (22.2 mg/g). Quercetin, kaempferol, rhamnetin glycosides were found in all stages of development. The largest glycosides of flavonol were found in the phases of the vegetation, budding and blossoming, and aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) at the beginning of vegetation and the ending of a blossoming. A fact of contrariety of the dynamics of accumulation of glycosides and their aglycones was revealed. A higher content of most individual phenolic compounds was found as in young leaves in the vegetation and budding, so in mature leaves in the blossoming phase. Avicularin and hyperoside are the predominant glycosides during the growing season. A higher content of the tannins was established in young leaves, ellagic acid dominated in the phase of the vegetation whereas ellagic acid glycoside was the predominant in the phase of the budding.