Fat embolism syndrome with a typical manifestation on brain magnetic resonance imaging: a case report

Fat embolism (FE) occurs frequently after trauma, particularly the fracture of long bones in the lower extremities. FE syndrome (FES) is defined as the clinical symptoms and signs of organ dysfunction caused by the obstruction of capillaries by fat emboli and inflammatory reaction. Cerebral involvement, respiratory insufficiency, and petechial rash constitute classical triad. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a sensitive imaging technique for diagnosing cerebral involvement and severity of damage in FES. This study presents a case of FES that was diagnosed based on typical manifestation on brain MRI and treated conservatively without complications.