What is changing in papal communication with the rise of social media?

Abstract The last twenty years have brought profound changes in communication and technology. World leaders have extended their communication into the digital space. In the Catholic world, we speak of a digital papacy, seeing the growth of a community following the Pope on social media. Our study looks at how the language of the Holy See is changing in media-related texts published annually for World Communications Day. The research corpus consists of the messages of the last three popes – from 1995, when the vatican.va domain was created, up to 2022. Using textual analysis, we show that, in addition to the normal change in terminology, the approach of the popes as the ecclesiastical authorities to the community is changing, and the community itself is also changing. For example, the word ‘must,’ which was widely used in messages until the rise of social networks, has completely disappeared from the texts in the last few years. Our study leads us to posit that not only is there a change in how the popes address the Catholic community, but there is also a paradigm shift in society and culture.